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EFFECT OF CULTIVAR, TRADITIONAL CORM PRE-TREATMENT AND WATERING ON SPROUTING AND EARLY GROWTH OF ENSET (Ensete ventricosum) SUCKERS

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 September 2014

L. M. KARLSSON ,
A. L. DALBATO ,
T. TAMADO  and
Y. MIKIAS
L. M. KARLSSON*
Affiliation:
Department of Crop Production Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 7043, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden IFM Biology, Division of Ecology, Linköping University, SE-581 83 Linköping, Sweden
A. L. DALBATO
Affiliation:
Department of Crop Production Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 7043, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden
T. TAMADO
Affiliation:
Department of Plant Sciences, Wolaita Sodo University, P.O. Box 138, Wolaita Sodo, Ethiopia Department of Plant Sciences, Haramaya University, Haramaya, Ethiopia
Y. MIKIAS
Affiliation:
Areka Research Centre, Areka, Ethiopia Department of Plant and Horticulture, Hawassa University, Hawassa, Ethiopia
*
§Corresponding author. Email: [email protected]
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Summary

Enset [Ensete ventricosum (Welw.) Cheesman (Musaceae)] is a multi-purpose and drought-tolerant crop, traditionally grown in Ethiopia. Food from enset has nutritive values similar to potato; it could improve food and livelihood security for many in larger geographical areas. Agronomical advice is needed which requires increased knowledge of management techniques. The purposes of this study were to (i) compare traditional corm pre-treatments when planting for sucker production, (ii) compare all six officially released cultivars regarding sprouting and (iii) investigate the effect of watering on newly buried corms. Emergence rate and number and characteristics of sprouts were recorded. Corms, from 63 two year old plants, were buried in local soil supplied with cow manure in Wolaita Sodo, Ethiopia. Emergence was recorded daily. After nine months, including one rainy season, all suckers (totally 4405) were harvested and individually recorded. Regardless of cultivar, minimum time to emergence was 50 days. Sprouts from split parent corms emerged earlier than from entire. Emergence occurred from 100% of corms, number of sprouts was strongly correlated to cultivar: average 28–106. The cultivars responded similarly to corm splitting: the more pieces the corm was split into, the more sprouts per parent corm. Average pseudostem diameter of the seven largest per parent corm: 8–10 cm for all cultivars, leaf length: 3.1–3.7 m, remaining 2700 smaller suckers: diameter 3 cm (SD 1.8). Watering decreased the average time to emergence and levelled out the differences between pre-treatments. The traditional belief is that watering as well as manure on corm cause rotting; manure is therefore usually put on the soil surface. On the contrary, full emergence and unexpected large suckers may be a result of careful soil preparation with manure applied on corm directly; watering resulted in an even emergence and growth. In conclusion, vegetative propagation of enset is efficient, but methods used and agronomical advice can be improved.

Type
Research Article
Information
Experimental Agriculture , Volume 51 , Issue 2 , April 2015 , pp. 232 - 243
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2014 

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