Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-rcrh6 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-29T05:52:06.309Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

EFFECT OF ALKALINE POTASSIUM AND SODIUM SALTS ON GROWTH, PHOTOSYNTHESIS, IONS ABSORPTION AND SOLUTES SYNTHESIS OF WHEAT SEEDLINGS

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 September 2013

XIAOYU LI ,
CHUNSHENG MU ,
JIXIANG LIN ,
YING WANG  and
XIUJUN LI
XIAOYU LI*
Affiliation:
Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China
CHUNSHENG MU
Affiliation:
Institute of Grassland Science, Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
JIXIANG LIN
Affiliation:
Alkali Soil Natural Environmental Science Center, Northeast Forestry University, Key Laboratory of Saline-Alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration in Oil Field, Ministry of Education, Harbin 150040, China
YING WANG
Affiliation:
Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China
XIUJUN LI
Affiliation:
Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China
*
‡Corresponding author. Email: [email protected]
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Summary

Potassium (K) is an essential nutrient and abundant cation in plant cells. The application of K+ could alleviate abiotic stress. However, it was reported that the alleviation of K+ on salt-stressed plants only happened when K+ concentration was low. Most studies were focused on effects of sodium salts on plants in salty soils, and little information was reported about potassium salts, especially a higher level of potassium in alkaline salts. To explore the effects of K+ in alkaline salts on plant growth, and whether it had a same destructive impact as Na+, we mixed two alkaline sodium salts (ASS) (NaHCO3:Na2CO3 = 9:1) and two alkaline potassium salts (APS) (KHCO3:K2CO3 = 9:1) to treat 10-day-old wheat seedlings. Effects of ASS and APS on growth, photosynthesis, ions absorption and solutes accumulation were compared. Results indicated that effects of potassium salts in soil on plants growth were related to K+ concentration. Both growth and photosynthesis of wheat seedlings decreased, and the reduction was higher in APS treatment than in ASS treatment at 40 mM alkalinity. ASS treatment absorbed Na+, competing with K+ and free Ca2+, and inhibited the absorption of inorganic anions. APS treatments accumulated K+ and reduced the absorption of anions, with no competition with other cations. Both APS and ASS treatments promoted free Mg2+ accumulation and inhibited H2PO4−uptake. The reduction of H2PO4− promoted organic acid synthesis indirectly. Soluble sugar and proline accumulation were also related to the alkaline condition and extra K+ addition. In conclusion, excess potassium ions in soil, especially in alkaline soils, were harmful to plants. APS was another severe salt stress, intensity of which was higher than ASS. The growth and physiological response mechanisms of wheat seedlings to APS were similar to ASS. Both inorganic ions and organic solutes took part in the osmotic adjustment. Differences for APS depended on K+, but ASS on Na+.

Type
Research Article
Information
Experimental Agriculture , Volume 50 , Issue 1 , January 2014 , pp. 144 - 157
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2013 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Akram, M. S., Ashraf, M. and Akram, N. A. (2009). Effectiveness of potassium sulfate in mitigating salt-induced adverse effects on different physio-biochemical attributes in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.). Flora 204:471–483.Google Scholar
Ashraf, M., Rahmatullah, A. R., Bhatti, A. S., Afzal, M., Sarwar, A., Maqsood, M. A. and Kanwal, S. (2010). Amelioration of salt stress in Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) by supplying potassium and silicon in hydroponics. Pedosphere 20 (2):153–162.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Benlloch-González, M., Fournier, J. M., Ramos, J. and Benlloch, M. (2005). Strategies underlying salt tolerance in halophytes are present in Cynara cardunculus. Plant Science 168:653–659.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Blumwald, E., Aharon, G. S. and Apse, M. P. (2000). Sodium transport in plant cells. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta 1465:140–151.Google Scholar
Cakmak, I. (2005). The role of potassium in alleviating detrimental effects of abiotic stresses in plants. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science 168:521–530.Google Scholar
Chen, W. C., Cui, P. J., Sun, H. Y., Guo, W. Q., Yang, C. W., Jin, H., Fang, B. and Shi, D. C. (2009). Comparative effects of salt and alkali stresses on organic acid accumulation and ionic balance of seabuckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.). Industrial Crops and Products 30 (3):351–358.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Clark, H., Newton, P. C. D. and Barker, D. J. (1999). Physiological and morphological responses to elevated CO2 and a soil moisture deficit of temperate pasture species growing in an established plant community. Journal of Experimental Botany 50:233–242.Google Scholar
Dubois, M., Gilles, K. A., Hamilton, J. K., Rebers, P. A. and Smith, F. (1956). Colorimetric method for determination of sugars and related substances. Analytical Chemistry 28:350–356.Google Scholar
Eaton, S. V. (1950). Effects of phosphorus deficiency on growth and metabolism of soybean. Botanical Gazette 111:426–436.Google Scholar
Egan, T. and Ungar, , , I. A. (1998). Effect of different salts of sodium and potassium on the growth of Atriplex prostata (Chenopodiaceae). Journal of Plant Nutrition 21:2193–2205.Google Scholar
Fredeen, A. L., Raab, T. K., Rao, I. M. and Terry, N. (1990). Effects of phosphorus nutrition on photosynthesis in Glycine max(L.) Merr. Planta 181:399–405.Google Scholar
Gerendás, J. and Schurr, U. (1999). Physicochemical aspects of ion relations and pH regulation in plants – a quantitative approach. Journal of Experimental Botany 50:1101–1114.Google Scholar
Gray, G. R., Maxwell, D. P., Villarimo, A. R. and Mclntosh, L. (2004). Mitochondria/unclear signaling of alternative oxidase gene expression occurs through distinct pathways involving organic acids and reactive oxygen species. Plant Cell Reports 23 (7):497–503.Google Scholar
Johnson, C. R. (1984). Phosphorus nutrition on mycorrhizal colonization, photosynthesis, growth and nutrient composition of Citrus aurantium. Plant and Soil 80:35–42.Google Scholar
Kawanabe, S. and Zhu, T. C. (1991). Degeneration and conservation of Aneurolepidium Chinense grassland in Northern China. Journal of Japanese Society of Grassland Science 37:91–99.Google Scholar
Kaya, C., Tuna, A. L., Ashraf, M. and Altunlu, H. (2007). Improved salt tolerance of melon (Cucumis melo L.) the addition of proline and potassium nitrate. Environmental and Experimental Botany 60:397–403.Google Scholar
Kerepesi, I. and Galiba, G. (2000). Osmotic and salt stress-induced alteration in soluble carbohydrate content in wheat seedlings. Crop Science 40:482–487.Google Scholar
Lapointe, B. E. (1987). Phosphorus- and nitrogen-limited photosynthesis and growth of Gracilaria tikvhiae (Rhodophyceae) in the Florida Keys: an experimental field study. Marine Biology 93:561–568.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Läuchli, A. and Lüttge, U. (2002). Salinity in the soil environment. In Salinity: Environment-Plants-Molecules, 21–23 (Ed. Tanji, K. K.). Boston: Kluwer Academic Publ.Google Scholar
Li, X. Y., Liu, J. J., Zhang, Y. T., Lin, J. X. and Mu, C. S. (2009). Physiological responses and adaptive strategies of wheat seedlings to salt and alkali stresses. Soil Science and Plant Nutrition 55 (5):680–684.Google Scholar
Ma, J. F., Ryan, P. R. and Delhaize, E. (2001). Aluminium tolerance in plants and the complexing role of organic acids. Trends in Plant Science 6 (6):274–278.Google Scholar
Maathuis, F. J. M. and Amtmann, A. (1999). K+ nutrition and Na+ toxicity: the basis of cellular K+/Na+ ratios. Annals of Botany 84:123–133.Google Scholar
Maggaio, A., Miyazaki, S., Veronese, P., Fujita, T., Ibeas, J. I., Damsz, B., Narasimhan, M. L., Joly, R. J. and Bressan, R. A. (2002). Does proline accumulation play an active role in stress induced growth reduction? Plant Physiology and Biochemistry 36:767–772.Google Scholar
Meloni, D. A., Gulotta, M. R. and Martinez, C. A. (2008). Salinity tolerance in Schinopsis quebracho colorado: seed germination, growth ion relations and metabolic responses. Journal of Arid Environment 72:1785–1792.Google Scholar
Munns, R. (2002). Comparative physiology of salt and water stress. Plant Cell and Environment 25:239–250.Google Scholar
Munns, R., James, R. A. and Lauchli, A. (2006). Approaches to increasing the salt tolerance of wheat and other cereals. Journal of Experimental Botany 57 (5):1025–1043.Google Scholar
Nageswara Rao, R. C., Krishnasastry, K. S. and Udayakumar, M. (1981). Role of potassium in proline metabolism. I. Conversion of precursors into proline under stress conditions in K-sufficient and K-deficient plants. Plant Science Letters 23 (3):327–334.Google Scholar
Nath, K. A., Ngo, E. O., Hebbel, R. P., Croatt, A. J., Zhou, B. and Nutter, L. M. (1995). Alpha-keto acids scavenge H2O2 in vitro and in vivo and reduce menadione-induced DNA injure and cytotoxicity. American Journal of Physiology 268:C227–236.Google Scholar
Neid, S. L. and Biesboer, D. D. (2005). Alleviation of salt-induced stress on seed emergence using soil additives in a greenhouse. Plant and Soil 268:303–307.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Parida, A. K. and Das, A. B. (2005). Salt tolerance and salinity effects on plants: a review. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 60:324–349.Google Scholar
Ramos, J., Lo´pez, M. J. and Benlloch, M. (2004). Effect of NaCl and KCl salts on the growth and solute accumulation of the halophyte Atriplex nummularia. Plant and Soil 259:163–168.Google Scholar
Rodriguez-Navarro, A. (2000). Potassium transport in fungi and plants. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta 1469:1–30.Google Scholar
Shi, D. C. and Yin, L. J. (1993). Difference between salt (NaCl) and alkaline (Na2CO3) stresses on Puccinellia tenuiflora (Griseb.) Scribn. et Merr. Plants. Acta Botanica Sinica 35:144–149 (in Chinese with English abstract).Google Scholar
Shi, D. C., Yin, S. J., Yang, G. H. and Zhao, K. F. (2002). Citric acid accumulation in an alkali-tolerant plant Puccinellia tenuiflora under alkaline stress. Acta Botanica Sinica 44:537–540.Google Scholar
Shirazi, M. U., Ashraf, M. Y., Khan, M. A. and Naqvi, M. H. (2005). Potassium induced salinity tolerance in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology 2 (3):233–236.Google Scholar
Sosa, L., Llanes, A., Reinoso, H., Reginato, M. and Luna, V. (2005). Osmotic and specific ion effects on the germination of Prosopis strombulifera. Annals of Botany 96:261–267.Google Scholar
Szczerba, M. W., Britto, D. T. and Kronzucker, H. J. (2009). K+ transport in plants: physiology and molecular biology. Journal of Plant Physiology 165 (5):447–466.Google Scholar
Tartari, A. and Forlani, G. (2008). Osmotic adjustments in a psychrophilic alga, Xanthonema sp. (Xanthophyceae). Environmental and Experimental Botany 63:342–350.Google Scholar
Terry, N. and Ulrich, A. (1973). Effects of phosphorus deficiency on the photosynthesis and respiration of leaves of sugar beet. Plant Physiology 51:43–47.Google Scholar
Varma, S. D., Devamanoharan, P. S. and Morris, S. M. (1995). Prevention of cataracts by nutritional and metabolic antioxidants. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition 35:111–129.Google Scholar
Yang, C. W., Chong, J. N., Li, C. Y., Kim, C. M., Shi, D. C. and Wang, D. L. (2007). Osmotic adjustment and ion balance traits of an alkali resistant halophyte Kochia sieversiana during adaptation to salt and alkali conditions. Plant and Soil 294:263–276.Google Scholar
Yang, C. W., Shi, D. C. and Wang, D. L. (2008a). Comparative effects of salt and alkali stresses on growth, osmotic adjustment and ionic balance of an alkali-resistant halophyte Suaeda glauca (Bge.). Plant Growth Regulation 56 (2):179–190.Google Scholar
Yang, C. W., Wang, P., Li, C. Y., Shi, D. C. and Wang, D. L. (2008b). Comparison of effects of salt and alkali stresses on the growth and photosynthesis of wheat. Photosynthetica 46 (1):107–114.Google Scholar
Zhang, J. T. and Mu, C. S. (2009). Effects of saline and alkaline stresses on the germination, growth, photosynthesis, ionic balance and anti-oxidant system in an alkali-tolerant leguminous forage Lathyrus quinquenervius. Soil Science and Plant Nutrition 55 (5):685–697.Google Scholar
Zheng, Y. H., Jia, A. J., Ning, T. Y., Xu, J. L., Li, Z. J. and Jiang, G. M. (2008). Potassium nitrate application alleviates sodium chloride stress in winter wheat cultivars differing in salt tolerance. Journal of Plant Physiology 165:1455–1465.Google Scholar
Zhu, G. L., Deng, X. W. and Zuo, W. N. (1983). Determination of free proline in plants. Plant Physiology Communications 1:35–37.Google Scholar