Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-t8hqh Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-29T11:22:37.210Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Plant Nematodes and Sustainability in Tropical Agriculture

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  03 October 2008

Sam L. J. Page  and
John Bridge
Sam L. J. Page
Affiliation:
International Institute of Parasitology (CAB International), 395A Hatfield Road, St Albans, Hertfordshire, AL4 OXU, England
John Bridge
Affiliation:
International Institute of Parasitology (CAB International), 395A Hatfield Road, St Albans, Hertfordshire, AL4 OXU, England
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Summary

Although plant nematodes are ubiquitous and pathogenic to a wide range of crops, research into these pests in the tropics has been concentrated on commodity crops. While modern intensive tropical agriculture has become unsustainable and often relies on the use of toxic nematicides to control damaging populations of plant nematodes, many traditional subsistence farmers have been able to suppress nematodes by promoting crop diversity and selecting for tolerance and resistance. This paper gives examples of sustainable systems which suppress nematodes. Other examples of once sustainable systems in which nematode problems now occur are discussed and reasons for this instability suggested. The need for farmers to retain responsibility for the development of sustainable systems is stressed. Nematologists and other plant protectionists are encouraged to take a wider view of the complex issues that affect the sustainability of agriculture in the tropics.

Los nemátodos de las plantas y la agricultura continua

Type
Research Article
Information
Experimental Agriculture , Volume 29 , Issue 2 , April 1993 , pp. 139 - 154
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1993

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Allard, R. W. (1990). The genetics of host-pathogen coevolution: Implication for genetic resource conservation. journal of Heredity 81:1–6.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Alexander, J. & Coursey, D. J. (1969). The domestication of yams. In The Domestication and Exploitation of Plants and Animals, 405–425 (Eds Ucko, P. J. and Dimbleby, C. W.). London: Gerald Duckworth.Google Scholar
Altieri, M. A. (1991). How best can we use biodiversity in agroecosystems? Outlook on Agriculture 20:15–23.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Anderson, J. (1989). Agricultural biotechnology: Growing concern? Trends in Biotechnology 7:196–197.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Atwal, A. S. & Mangar, A. (1969). Repellent action of root exudates of Sesame orientale against the root knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita (Heteroderidae; Nematoda). Indian journal of Entomology 31:286.Google Scholar
Azmi, M. I. (1984). Effect of Pratylenchus Zeae on seedling growth of su-babool (Leucaena leucocephala) and its control with phorate. Nematologica 30:105–107.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Azmi, M. I. (1985). Occurence and effect of Meloidogyne incognita on seedling growth of su-babool, Leucaena leucocephala. Myforest 21:101–103.Google Scholar
Beets, W. C. (1981). Multiple Cropping and Tropical Farming Systems. Boulder, Colorado: Westview Press.Google Scholar
Bourke, R. M. (1982). Sweet potato in Papua New Guinea. In Proceedings of the First International Symposium on Sweet Potato in Taiwan, 45–57 (Eds Villareal, R. L. and Griggs, T. D.). Asian Vegetable Research and Development Center.Google Scholar
Bridge, J. (1978). Nematodes. In Pest Control in Tropical Root Crops, 163–168. PANS Manual No. 4. London: Centre for Oversea Pest Research.Google Scholar
Bridge, J. (1988). Plant nematode pests of bananas in East Africa with particular reference to Tanzania. In INIBAP. Nematodes and the Borer Weevil in Bananas: present status of research and outlook. Proceedings of a Workshop held in Bujumbura, Burundi 7–11 December 1987, 35–39.Google Scholar
Bridge, J. & Page, S. L. J. (1982). The rice root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne graminicola, on deep water rice (Oyzae saliva subsp. indica). Revue de Nematologie 5:225–232.Google Scholar
Bridge, J. & Page, S. L. J. (1984). Plant nematode pests of crops in Papua New Guinea. Journal of Plant in the Tropics 1:99–109.Google Scholar
Bridge, J., Mortimer, J. J. & Jackson, G. V. H. (1983). Hirschmanniella miticausa n. sp. (Nematoda: Pratylenchidae) and its pathogenicity on taro (Colocasia esculenta). Revue de Nematologie 6:285–290.Google Scholar
Bridge, J., Luc, M. & Plowright, R. A. (1990). Nematode parasites of rice. In Plant Parasitic Nematodes in Subtropical and Tropical Agriculture, 69–108 (Eds Luc., M, Sikora, R. A. and Bridge, J.) Wallingford: CAB International, UK.Google Scholar
Buangsuwon, D., Tonboon-ek, P., Rujirachoon, G., Braun, A. J. & Taylor, A. L. (1971). Nematodes. In Rice Diseases and Pests of Thailand, 61–67.Google Scholar
Butler, E. J. (1913). Diseases of Rice. Bulletin 34 Pusa: Agricultural Research Institute.Google Scholar
Chambers, R. (1990). Reversals, institutions and change. In Farmer First: Farmer Innovation and Agricultural Research, 181–195 (Eds Pacey, A. and Thrupp, L. A.). London: Intermediate Technology.Google Scholar
Chunram, C. (1981). Progress report on the root-knot nematode studies in Thailand. Proceedings of the Third Research Planning Conference on Root-knot Nematodes Meloidogyne spp, Region VI, July 20–24, Jakarta, 1981, 97–103.Google Scholar
Clifford, B. C., Carver, T. L. W. & Roderick, H. W. (1985). The implications of general resistance for physiological investigations. In Genetic Basis of Biochemical Mechanisms of Plant Disease, 43–84 (Eds Groth, J. V. and Bushnell, W. R.). St Paul, Minnesota: American Phytopathological Society.Google Scholar
Cook, R. J. & Baker, K. F. (1983). The Nature and Practice of Biological Control of Plant Pathogens. St. Paul, MN: American Phytopathological Society.Google Scholar
Cook, R. & Evans, K. (1987). Resistance and tolerance. In Principles and Practice of Nematode Control in Crops, 179–221 (Eds Brown, R. H. and Kerry, B. R.). Australia: Academic Press.Google Scholar
Davies, K. G., de Leij, F. A. A. M. & Kerry, B. R. (1991). Microbial agents for the biological control of plant-parasitic nematodes in tropical agriculture. Tropical Pest Management 37:303–320.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Deshaprabhu, S. B. (Ed.) (1966). The Wealth of India: Raw materials. Vol. 7. New Delhi: Publishing and Information Directorate, CSIR.Google Scholar
Diomande, M. (1984). Response of upland rice cultivars to Meloidogyne species. Revue de Nematologie 7:57–63.Google Scholar
D'Souza, E. J. (1986). Control of root knot nematode in the large mound cultivation system of sweet potato in Papua New Guinea. MSc Dissertation, Reading University.Google Scholar
Enyi, B. A. C. (1977). Analysis ofgrowth and tuber yield in sweet potato cvs. Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge 88:421–430.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Flor, H. H. (1956). The complementary genetic systems in flax and flax rust. Advances in Genetics 8:29–54.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Franklin, M. T. (1973). Meloidogyne nasi. CIH Descriptions of Plant Parasitic Nematodes. Set 2, No. 19 Farnham Royal, UK: Commonwealth Agricultural Bureaux.Google Scholar
Fukuoka, M. (1985). Natural Way of Farming: The Theory and Practice of Green Philosophy. Tokyo and New York: Japan Publications.Google Scholar
Gibbon, D. (1991). Proposal for the establishment of a sustainable agriculture research centre at the University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK: University of East Anglia. (Unpublished.)Google Scholar
Gichure, E. & Ondieki, J. J. (1977). A survey of banana nematodes in Kenya. Zeitschrift fur Pflanzenkrankeiten und Pftanzenschutz 84:724–728.Google Scholar
Hooper, D. J. & Stone, A. R. (1981). Role of wild plants and weeds in the ecology of plant-parasitic nematodes. In Pests, Pathogens and Vegetation, 199–216 (Ed. Thresh, J. M). Bath: Pitman Press.Google Scholar
Huang, C. S. & Huang, S. P. (1972). Bionomics of white-tip nematode Aphelenchoides besseyi in rice florets and developing grains. Botanical Bulletin of Academia Sinica 13:1–10.Google Scholar
Ichinohe, M. (1988). Current research on the major nematode problems in Japan. Journal of Nematology 20:184–190.Google ScholarPubMed
INIBAP (1986). Banana Research in Eastern Africa. Proposal for a Regional Research and Development Network. Montpellier, France: INIBAP.Google Scholar
Jatala, P. & Bridge, J. (1990). Nematode parasites of root and tuber crops. In Plant Parasitic Nematodes of Subtropical and Tropical Agriculture, 137–181 (Eds Luc, M., Sikora, R. A. and Bridge, J.). Wallingford, UK: CAB International.Google Scholar
Jennings, P. R., Coffman, W. R. & Kauffman, H. E. (1979). Rice Improvement. Philippines: IRRI.Google Scholar
Kavuma, J. B. K. (1987). Degradation of soil fertility: the effects on the production of cooking bananas in Uganda. International Cooperation for Effective Plantain and Banana Research: Proceedings of the Third Meeting, Abidjan, Ivory Coast, 27–31 May.Google Scholar
Kuwahara, M. & Iyatomi, K. (1970). Studies on the bionomics of the rice root nematode Hirschmanniella imamuri Sher and Hirschmanniella oryzae (Soltwedel) Luc and Goodey, with special reference to its mode of life and population dynamics. Japanese Journal of Applied Entomology and Zoology 14:117–121.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kyo, M., Miyauchi, Y., Fujimoto, T. & Mayama, S. (1990). Production of nematicidal compounds by hairy root cultures of Tagetes patula L. Plant Cell Reports 9:393–397.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lai, R. & Greenland, D. J. (1979). Soil Physical Properties and Crop Production in the Tropics. Chichester: Wiley.Google Scholar
Lenne, J. M. (1990). Sweet Potato Disease Survey. Agricultural Consultant International Germplasm Associates. Chatham, UK: Natural Resources Institute.Google Scholar
Luc, M., Sikora, R. A. & Bridge, J. (1990). Plant Parasitic Nematodes in Subtropical and Tropical Agriculture. Wallingford, UK: CAB International.Google Scholar
Machon, J. E. & Hunt, D. J. (1985). Pratylenchus goodeyi. CIH Descriptions of Plant Parasitic Nematodes. Set 8, No. 120. Farnham Royal, UK: Commonwealth Agricultural Bureaux.Google Scholar
Mackauer, M. (1988). Biological control in the context of systems management. In Biological Control: A Sustainable Solution to Crop Pest Problems in Africa, 68–84 (Eds Yaninek, J. S. and Herren, H. R.). Ibadan: IITA.Google Scholar
Miah, N. M., Miah, M. A. A., Nasiruddin, M. & Chowdhury, N. H. (1986). Recently improved varieties for direct seeded aus and deepwater aman seasons. In Proceedings of the Workshop on Experiences with Modern Rice Cultivation in Bangladesh, 5–7 April, 75–80. Dacca: Bangladesh Rice Research Institute.Google Scholar
Miah, S. A. & Mondai, A. H. (1988). Nematodes in deep water rice. Proceedings of the 1987 International Deep Water Rice Workshop, 575–582. The Philippines: IRRI.Google Scholar
Mollison, B. (1990). Permaculture: A Practical Guide fora Sustainable Future. Washington: Island Press.Google Scholar
Mondai, A. H. & Miah, S. A. (1987). Ufra problem in low lying areas of Bangladesh. International Rice Research Newsletter 12:29–30.Google Scholar
Mortimer, J. J., Bridge, J. & Jackson, G. V. H. (1981). Hirschmaniella sp. an endoparasitic nematode associated with miti-miti disease of taro corms in the Solomon Islands. FAO Plant Protection Bulletin 29:9–11.Google Scholar
Niederhauser, J. S. (1991). Phytopthora infestans: the Mexican connection. In Phytopthora, 25–45 (Eds Lucas, J. A., Shattock, R. C., Shaw, D. S. and Cooke, L. R.). Cambridge: University Press.Google Scholar
Noel, G. R. (1986). The soybean cyst nematode. In Cyst Nematodes (Eds Lamberti, F. and Taylor, C. E.). NATO ASI Series. New York: Plenum Press.Google Scholar
Ogbuji, R. O. (1979). Shifting cultivation discourages nematodes. World Crops 31:113.Google Scholar
Page, S. L. J. (1985). Meloidogyne acronea. CIH Descriptions of Plant Parasitic Nematodes Set 8, No. 114. Farnham Royal, UK: Commonwealth Agricultural Bureaux.Google Scholar
Page, S. L. J. & Page, H. E. (1991). Western hegemony over African agriculture in Southern Rhodesia and its continuing threat to food security in independent Zimbabwe. Journal of Agriculture and Human Values 3:4–18.Google Scholar
Patel, M. Z., Saelea, J. & Jackson, G. V. H. (1984). Breeding strategies for controlling diseases of taro in the Solomon Islands. Proceedings-Sixth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops, Lima, Peru, 21–26 February 1983, 143–149.Google Scholar
Perez, A. T. & Nasiruddin, M. (1975). Field notes on the Rayadas: a flood tolerant deep water rice of Bangladesh. In Proceedings of the International Seminar on Deep Water Rice, August 21–26, 1974, 87–91. Joydebpur, Dacca, Bangladesh: Bangladesh Rice Research Institute.Google Scholar
Plowright, R. A. (1992). Screening for resistance to stem nematode Ditelenchus angustus in deep-water rice. Presented at the Association of Applied Biologists Tropical Nematology Meeting,8 April.Chatham, UK:Natural Resources Institute.Google Scholar
Prasad, J. S., Panwar, M. S. & Rao, Y. S. (1986). Screening of some rice cultivars against the root knot nematode Meloidogyne graminicola. Indian Journal of Nematology 16:112–113.Google Scholar
Purseglove, J. W. (1984). Tropical Crops: Dicotyledons. Harlow: Longman.Google Scholar
Purseglove, J. W. (1985). Tropical Crops: Monocotyledons. Harlow: Longman.Google Scholar
Rahman, M. L. (1987). Source of ufra-resistant deep water rice. International Rice Research Newsletter 12(1):8.Google Scholar
Richards, P. (1985). The Indigenous Revolution: Ecology and Food Production in West Africa. London: Hutchinson.Google Scholar
Roberts, P. A. (1992). Current status of the availability, development and use of host plant resistance to nematodes. journal of Nematology 24:213–227.Google ScholarPubMed
Salazar, R. (1992). Stimulating crop diversity. BBC The Farming World 1724, Talks List, week, 20, 21 May 1992.Google Scholar
Sasser, J. N. & Freckman, D. W. (1987). The world perspective on nematology: the role of society. In Vistas on Nematology: A Commemoration of the Twenty-Fifth Anniversary of the Society of Nematologists, 7–14 (Eds Veech, J. A. and Dickson, D. W.). Raleigh Society of Nematologists Inc.Google Scholar
Segeren, -V. d.Oever, H. & Sanchit-Bekker, M. L. (1984). Observations on Meloidogyne oryzae Maas, Sanders and Dede 1978 in irrigated rice in Suriname. Surinaamse Iandbouw 32:51–59.Google Scholar
Shepherd, K. 1957. Banana cultivars in East Africa. Tropical Agriculture, Trinidad 34:277–286.Google Scholar
Shiga, T. & Takemata, T. (1981). Distribution of sweet potato clones with resistance to root-knot nematodes in the Pacific Islands. Proceedings of the Third Research Planning Conference on Root-knot Nematodes Meloidogyne spp. Region VI, July 20–24, 1981, Jakarta, 64–68.Google Scholar
Sikora, R. A. (1982). Globodera rostochiensis on potato in the Philippines. Zeitschrift für pflanzenkrankheiten und pllanzenschutz 89:532–533.Google Scholar
Southwood, T. R. E. (1984). Insect-plant adaptations. In Origins and Development of Plant Adaptation. Ciba Foundation Symposium 102, 138–147. London: Pitman.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stover, R. H. & Simmonds, N. W. (1987). Bananas, Harlow: Longman.Google Scholar
Subramaniyan, S., Balasubramanian, P., Sundarababur, R., Naganathan, T. G., Lakshmanan, P. L., Rajendran, G., Sivakumur, C. V. & Vadivetu, S. (1989). Present status of the potato cyst nematodes in Niligris, Tamil Nadu. Current Science 58:701–702.Google Scholar
Trapnell, C. G. & Clothier, J. N. (1957). The Soils, Vegetation and Agricultural Systems of North-Eastern Rhodesia, Report of the Ecological Survey. Lusaka: Government Printer.Google Scholar
Veech, J. A. (1981). Plant resistance to nematodes. In Plant Parasitic Nematodes, Vol. III, 377–403 (Eds Zuckerman, B. M. & Rohde, R. A.). London: Academic Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wilson, G. F. (1986). Status of bananas and plantains in West Africa. In Banana and Plantain Breeding Strategies. ACIAR Proceedings No. 21, 29–35 (Eds Persley, G. J. and De Langhe, E. A.). Canberra: ACIAR.Google Scholar
Young, A. (1989). Agroforestry for Soil Conservation. Wallingford, UK: CAB International.Google Scholar