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PHYTOTOXICITY OF 10 WINTER BARLEY VARIETIES AND THEIR COMPETITIVE ABILITY AGAINST COMMON POPPY AND IVY-LEAVED SPEEDWELL

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 July 2008

K. DHIMA ,
I. VASILAKOGLOU ,
A. LITHOURGIDIS ,
E. MECOLARI ,
R. KECO ,
XH. AGOLLI  and
I. ELEFTHEROHORINOS
K. DHIMA*
Affiliation:
Department of Plant Production, Technological and Educational Institute of Thessaloniki, 541 01 Echedoros, Greece
I. VASILAKOGLOU
Affiliation:
Department of Plant Production, Technological and Educational Institute of Larissa, 411 10 Larissa, Greece
A. LITHOURGIDIS
Affiliation:
Department of Agronomy, Aristotle University Farm of Thessaloniki, 570 01 Thermi, Greece
E. MECOLARI
Affiliation:
Experimental Station Farm, Korca, Albania
R. KECO
Affiliation:
Experimental Station Farm, Korca, Albania
XH. AGOLLI
Affiliation:
Faculty of Agriculture, Fan Noli University, Korca, Albania
I. ELEFTHEROHORINOS
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Agronomy, School of Agriculture, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 541 24 Thessaloniki, Greece
*
†Corresponding author: [email protected]
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Summary

A field experiment was conducted in 2002/03 (year 1) and repeated in 2003/04 (year 2) to study the competitive ability of 10 winter barley (Hordeum vulgare) cultivars against common poppy (Papaver rhoeas) and ivy-leaved speedwell (Veronica hederifolia). The phytotoxic (or allelopathic) activity of barley extracts was also determined in the laboratory using a perlite-based bioassay with barnyard grass (Echinochloa crus-galli). In the field, biomass of both weeds was reduced more (65–79%) by the competition of Alpha, Esterel, Terova or Lignee 640 barley cultivars, than with Aspen or Tersey. Biomass of ivy-leaved speedwell in competition with each barley cultivar was significantly lower than that of common poppy. In year 1, the six-row barley cultivars caused greater weed biomass reduction than the two-row, but this was not the case in year 2. Grain yield of Tersey, Aspen and Goldmarker cultivars in herbicide treatments was greater by 41, 33 and 17%, respectively, than from the corresponding herbicide untreated plots. However, grain yield of Terova, Alpha, Esterel and Lignee 640 was not significantly affected by the presence of weeds. In the laboratory, barley extracts affected the total fresh weight or root length of barnyard grass more than its germination. The germination, root length or total fresh weight inhibition on barnyard grass caused by the two six-row barley extracts was greater (43, 48 and 56%, respectively) than that caused by the eight two-row extracts (22, 34 and 43%, respectively). The results of this study indicated that barley cultivars with great competitive and/or phytotoxic ability could be used in sustainable cereal production systems in order to minimize herbicide usage.

Type
Research Article
Information
Experimental Agriculture , Volume 44 , Issue 3 , July 2008 , pp. 385 - 397
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2008

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