Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-8bhkd Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-04T04:36:24.405Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Integrated Pest Management in Rice

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  03 October 2008

Paul S. Teng
Paul S. Teng
Affiliation:
International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), PO Box 933, Manila 1099, Philippines
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Summary

Integrated pest management (IPM) in rice has been mainly applied to irrigated, lowland paddy rice ecosystems which generally use more inputs and have higher yields ha−1 than rainfed ecosystems. Large scale implementation of IPM was stimulated in the 1970s in several Asian countries by pest resurgences resulting from indiscriminate insecticide use. Legislation has been enacted in at least five countries to support IPM and by 1992, approximately 0.05% of Asian farmers had received training in IPM. In at least two countries, adoption of IPM as national policy has resulted in large savings from reduced importation of pesticides with no reduction in total rice output or productivity. The inter-country programme on rice IPM of the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), the United Nations, the International Rice Research Institute and national programmes have all contributed to promoting rice IPM. Host plant resistance, deployed with location-specific cultural practices that conserve natural enemies, remains the basis for sustainable, low-cost rice IPM. Thresholds, monitoring and forecasting systems have little or no impact on farmer practice in the tropics; farmer group learning appears to be the most effective way towards IPM adoption.

Manejo integrado de plagas en el arroz

Type
Research Article
Information
Experimental Agriculture , Volume 30 , Issue 2 , April 1994 , pp. 115 - 137
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1994

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Andow, D. A. & Hidaka, K. (1989). Experimental natural history of sustainable agriculture: syndromes of production. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment 27: 447–462.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Anon. (1971). Pest Control in Rice. PANS Manual No. 3. London: COPR.Google Scholar
Anon. (1982). Profits from Pesticides—A Look into the Socio-economics and Politics of Pesticides. PO Box AC-623, Quezan City, The Philippines: Farmers Assistance Board Inc.Google Scholar
Antle, J. M. & Pingali, P. (1993). Pesticides, productivity and farmer health: a Philippine case study. American journal of Agricultural Economics (in review).Google Scholar
Bandong, J. P. & Litsinger, J. A. (1988). Development of action control thresholds for major rice pests. In Pesticide Management and Integrated Pest Management, 95–102 (Eds Teng, P. S. and Heong, K. L.). College Park, MD: CICP.Google Scholar
Bandong, J. P., Litsinger, J. A. & Kenmore, P. E. (1985). Farmers' management of pests: its implications to IPM implementation. Paper presented at 15th Annual Meeting, Philippine Council for Crop Protection,May 1985.Los Banos, Philippines:IRRI Library.Google Scholar
Bernat, G. A., Norton, G. W., Rajotte, E. G., Drake, C. R. & Holliman, M. C. (Eds) (1985). Interdisciplinary Evaluation of Pest Management Systems. Bulletin 85–5. Research Division, VA Agricultural Experiment Station, VPI, Blacksburg, VA 24061.Google Scholar
Bottrell, D. G. (1979). Integrated Pest Management. Council on Environmental Quality, US Government Printing Office.Google Scholar
Bottrell, D. G. (1987). Applications and problems of integrated pest management in the tropics. Journal of Plant Protection in the Tropics 4: 1–8.Google Scholar
Bottrell, D. G. (1993). Potential and Limitations of Neem in Rice-based Cropping Systems. Los Banos, Philippines: IRRI.Google Scholar
Brady, N. C. (1980). Overview of rice pest problems. In Proceedings of Symposia, IX International Congress of Plant Protection, Washington DC, August 1979. Vol. II, 453–454 (Ed. Kommedahl, T.).Google Scholar
Bray, Francesca. (1986). The Rice Economies, Technology and Development in Asian Societies. London, UK: Blackwell.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Carson, Rachel (1963). Silent Spring. London: Hamilton.Google Scholar
Chelliah, S. & Heinrichs, E. A. (1984). Factors contributing to the rice brown planthopper resurgence. In judicious and Efficient Use of Insecticides on Rice. Los Banos, Philippines: IRRI.Google Scholar
Chenulu, V. V. (1988). Plant disease management. In Forty Years of Plant Protection in India, 32–39 (Ed Reddy, D. B.). Hyderabad: Plant Protection Association of India.Google Scholar
Cook, R. J. (1988). Biological control and holistic plant-health care in agriculture. American journal of Alternative Agriculture 3: 51–62.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dalrymple, , Dana, G. (1986). Development and Spread of High-Yielding Rice Varieties in Developing Countries. Washington DC: US AID, Bureau for Science and Technology.Google Scholar
Elazegui, F. A., Savary, S. & Teng, P. S. (1994). Management practices of rice pests in Central Luzon, Philippines, in relation to injury levels. journal of Plant Protection in the Tropics (in press).Google Scholar
Escalada, M. M. & Kenmore, P. E. (1988). Communicating integrated pest control to rice farmers at the village level. In Pesticide Management and Integrated Pest Management, 221–228 (Eds Teng, P. S. and Heong, K. L.). College Park, MD: CICP.Google Scholar
FAO/UNEP, Panel of Experts on Integrated Pest Control (1984). Integrated Pest Control: an Introductory Statement. Rome: FAO.Google Scholar
Goodell, G. (1984). Challenges to international pest management research and extension in the third world: do we really want IPM to work? Bulletin of the Entomological Society of America 30: 18–26.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hansen, M. (1987) Escape from the Pesticide Treadmill: Alternatives to Pesticides in Developing Countries. New York: Institute for Consumer Policy Research, Consumers Union.Google Scholar
Heong, K. L. (1988). The surveillance and forecasting of insect populations in rice pest management. In Pesticide Management and Integrated Pest Management in Southeast Asia, 55–66 (Eds Teng, P. S. and Heong, K. L.). College Park, MD: CICP.Google Scholar
Heong, K. L. (1990). The International Rice Integrated Pest Management Research Network (IPM-Network). In Proceedings of the National Conference and Workshop on IPM in Rice, Corn and Selected Major Crops, March 1–3, 1990, 233–235. Los Banos, Philippines: National Crop Protection Center, University of the Philippines.Google Scholar
IRRI (1971). Annual Report 1970. Los Banos, Philippines: IRRI.Google Scholar
IRRI (1978). Annual Report 1977. Los Banos, Philippines: IRRI.Google Scholar
IRRI (1980). Annual Report 1979. Los Banos, Philippines: IRRI.Google Scholar
IRRI (1988). Annual Report 1987. Los Banos, Philippines: IRRI.Google Scholar
IRRI (1989). Rice Farming Systems: New Directions, Proceedings of an International Symposium, 31 January-3 February 1987, Sakha, Egypt. Los Banos: IRRI.Google Scholar
IRRI (1990). Annual Report 1989. Los Banos, Philippines: IRRI.Google Scholar
IRRI (1991). World Rice Statistics 1990. Los Banos, Philippines: IRRI.Google Scholar
IRRI (1992). Annual Report 1991. Los Banos, Philippines: IRRI.Google Scholar
IRRI (1993). Integrated Pest Management: The IRRI Perspective. IRRI Information Series. Los Banos, Philippines: IRRI (in press).Google Scholar
Ishiguro, K. & Hashimoto, A. (1991). Computer-based forecasting of rice blast epidemics in Japan. In Rice Blast Modeling and Forecasting, 39–51. Los Banos: IRRI.Google Scholar
Johnstone, Bob (1988). With a little help from friends: rice farmers switch from chemical to natural pest control. Far Eastern Economic Review 142(45): 80–81.Google Scholar
Kalode, M. B. & Krishnaiah, K. (1991). Integrated pest management in rice. Indian journal of Plant Protection 19: 117–132.Google Scholar
Kenmore, P. E. (1979). Limits of the brown planthopper problem: implications for integrated pest management. IRRI Saturday Seminar, June 30 1979. Los Banos: IRRI Library (mimeo).Google Scholar
Kenmore, P. E. (1980). Ecology and Outbreaks of a Tropical Insect Pest of the Green Revolution, the Rice Brown Planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens (Stal). PhD dissertation, University of California, Berkeley.Google Scholar
Kenmore, P. E. (1987). Crop loss assessment in a practical integrated pest control program for tropical Asian rice. In Crop Loss Assessment and Pest Management, 225–241 (Ed. Teng, P. S.). St. Paul, MN: American Phytopathological Society.Google Scholar
Kenmore, P. E. (1989). Development and application of IPM in rice growing in South and Southeast Asia. Paper presented at 14th Session of the FAO/UNEP Panel of Experts on Integrated Pest Control, Rome, October 10–13, 1989.Google Scholar
Kenmore, P. E. (1991). Indonesia's Integrated Pest Management-A Model for Asia. Manila: The FAO Inter-Country Program for Integrated Pest Control in Rice in South and Southeast Asia.Google Scholar
Kenmore, P. E., Heong, K. L. & Putter, C. A. J. (1985). Political, social, and perceptual aspects of integrated pest management programs. In Proceedings of a Seminar in IPM, 47–66 (Eds Lee, B. S.et al.). Kuala Lumpur: Malaysian Plant Protection Society.Google Scholar
Kenmore, P. E., Carino, F. O., Perez, C. A., Dyck, V. A. & Gutierrez, A. P. (1984). Population regulation of the rice brown planthopper (Nilaparvarta lugens Stal) within rice fields in the Philippines. Journal of Plant Protection in the Tropics 1: 19–37.Google Scholar
Kenmore, P. E., Litsinger, J. A., Bandong, J. P., Santiago, A. C. & Salac, M. M. (1987). Philippine rice farmers and insecticides: thirty years of growing dependency and new options for change. In Management of Pests and Pesticides: Farmers' Perceptions and Practices, 98–108 (Eds Tait, J. and Napompeth, B.). Boulder, Colorado: Westview.Google Scholar
Kim, I. H. (1979). The Green Revolution in Korea-Development and Dissemination of New Rice Varieties. Second Edition. Republic of Korea: Office of Rural Development.Google Scholar
Kim, C. K. (1987). Disease forecasting: past and future with special reference to rice leaf blast. Korean journal of Plant Pathology 3: 304–312.Google Scholar
Krishnaiah, K. (1988). Integrated pest management programme and practice. In Forty Years of Plant Protection in India, 123–132 (Ed. Reddy, D. B.). Hyderabad: Plant Protection Association of India.Google Scholar
Litsinger, J. A. (1984). Assessment of need-based insecticide application for rice. Paper presented at MA-IRRI Technology Transfer Workshop, 1984. Los Banos, Philippines: IRRI (mimeo).Google Scholar
Litsinger, J. A. (1987). Integrated pest management: assessment in farm communities. Paper presented at Workshop on Integrated Pest Management and Integrated Nutrient Management on Rice, IRRI, July 28–29, 1987.Google Scholar
Litsinger, J. A., Goodell, G. E., Kenmore, P. E., de la Cruz, C. C., Bandong, J. P., Lumaban, M. D. & Rivera, M. (1981). Rice insect pest management technology transfer to small-scale farmers. A case study involving pest surveillance by Filipino farmers. Paper presented at FAO Rice Pest Surveillance Workshop, September 7–11, 1981.Google Scholar
Loevinsohn, M. (1987). Insecticide use and the increased mortality in rural Central Luzon. The Lancet, June 13.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Loevinsohn, M. E. (1988). Estimating the impact of poisoning: changing patterns of mortality in Central Luzon, Philippines, in relation to mortality use. In Pesticide Management and IPM in Southeast Asia, 331–342 (Eds Teng, P. S. & Heong, K. L.). College Park, MD: CICP.Google Scholar
Maata, B. M. (1987). Integrated pest management. Practised or not? A case among the upland swidden-based farmers in Apayao Subprovince, Philippines. Paper presented at Workshop on Integrated Pest Management and Integrated Nutrient Management in Rice, IRRI, Los Banos, July 28–29, 1987.Google Scholar
MacKenzie, D. R. (1989). Evaluation of Crop Protection Research, Training and Technology Transfer at the International Agricultural Research Centers. Report submitted to the Technical Advisory Committee, CGIAR.Google Scholar
Manwan, I., Sama, S. & Rizvi, S. A. (1987). Management strategy to control rice tungro in Indonesia. In Proceedings of the Workshop on Rice Tungro Virus, 92–97. AARD-Maros Research Institute for Food Crops.Google Scholar
Marciano, V. P., Mandac, A. M. L. & Flinn, J. C. (1981). Insect Management Practices of Rice Farmers in Laguna, Philippines. Agricultural Economics Paper No. 81–03. Los Banos, Philippines: IRRI.Google Scholar
Martin, J. (1988). Enhancing the Benefits of Integrated Pest Management in Rice. AIDAB Development Papers No. 7.Google Scholar
Modina, R. B. & Ridao, A. R. (1987). IRRI Rice: The Miracle that Never Was. Murphy, Cubao, Quezon City, Philippines: ACES Foundation.Google Scholar
Mondejar, N. (1987). The role of non-governmental organizations in the spread of integrated pest management. Paper presented at Workshop on Integrated Pest Management and Integrated Nutrient Management in Rice, IRRI, Los Banos, July 28–29, 1987.Google Scholar
Moody, K. (1982). The status of weed control in rice in Asia. FAO Plant Protection Bulletin 30: 119–123.Google Scholar
NAS (1977). Insect Control in the People's Republic of China. Report No. 2. Washington DC: National Academy of Sciences.Google Scholar
Norton, G. A. & Heong, K. L. (1988). An approach to improving pest management: rice in Malaysia. Crop Protection 7: 84–90.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Norton, G. A., Holt, J., Heong, K. L., Cheng, J. & Wareing, D. R. (1991). Systems analysis and rice pest management. In Rice Insects: Management Strategies, 287–321 (Eds Heinrichs, E. A. and Miller, T. A.).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Oka, I. (1988). Role of cultural techniques in rice IPM systems. In Pesticide Management and Integrated Pest Management, 83–94 (Eds Teng, P. S. & Heong, K. L.). College Park, MD: CICP.Google Scholar
Oka, I. N. (1991). Success and challenges of the Indonesian National Integrated Pest Management Program in the rice-based cropping system. Crop Protection 10: 163–165.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pathak, M. D. & Dyck, V. A. (1973). Developing an integrated method of rice insect pest control. PANS 19:534–544.Google Scholar
Pfuhl, E. H. (1988). Radio-based communication campaigns: a strategy for training farmers in IPM in the Philippines. In Pesticide Management and Integrated Pest Management, 251–256. (Eds Teng, P. S. and Heong, K. L.). College Park, MD: CICP.Google Scholar
Pingali, P., Marquez, C. B. & Palis, F. G. (1993). Farmer health impact of long term pesticide exposure-a medical and economic analysis in the Philippines. Economic Development and Cultural Change (in review).Google Scholar
Rengam, S. (1987). What do pesticide residue levels in the environment really mean in southeast Asia? An NGO perspective. In Pesticide Management and IPM in Southeast Asia, 391–398 (Eds Teng, P. S. and Heong, K. L.). College Park, MD: CICP.Google Scholar
Roger, P. A., Heong, K. L. & Teng, P. S. (1991). Biodiversity and sustainability of wetland rice production: role and potential of microorganisms and invertebrates. In The Biodiversity of Micro-organisms and Invertebrates: its Role in Sustainable Agriculture, 117–136. (Ed. Hawksworth, D. L.). Proceedings of Workshop on the Ecological Foundations of Sustainable Agriculture, July 1990, England. Reading: CABI.Google Scholar
Sama, S., Hasanuddin, A., Manwan, I., Cabunagan, R. C. & Hibino, H. (1991). Integrated management of rice tungro disease in south Sulawesi, Indonesia. Crop Protection 10: 34–40.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sato, T. (1988). Overview of pesticide resistance problems in southeast Asia. In Pesticide Management and IPM in Southeast Asia, 257–267 (Eds Teng, P. S. and Heong, K. L.). College Park, MD: CICP.Google Scholar
Shepard, B. M. & Isa, Abdul Latif (1987). Integrated pest management in rice: Philippines and Egypt. Paper presented at International Symposium on Rice Farming Systems: New Directions, January 31-February 3 1987, Egypt.Google Scholar
Shepard, B. M., Ferrer, E. R., Kenmore, P. E. & Sumangil, J. P. (1986). Sequential sampling: Planthoppers in rice. Crop Protection 5: 319–322.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Smith, J., Litsinger, J. A., Bandong, J. P., Lumaban, M. D. & de la Cruz, C. G. (1989). Economic thresholds for insecticide application to rice: profitability and risk analysis to Filipino farmers. Journal of Plant Protection in the Tropics 6: 67–87.Google Scholar
Smith, R. F. (1972). The impact of the green revolution on plant protection in tropical and subtropical areas. Bulletin Entomological Society of America 18: 7–14.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Smith, R. F. & Reynolds, H. T. (1965). Principles, definitions and scope of integrated pest control. In Proceedings of FAO Symposium on Integrated Pest Control, Vol. 1, 11–17.Google Scholar
Sri-Arunotai, S. (1988). The organization and implementation of the surveillance and early warning system in Thailand. In Pesticide Management and Integrated Pest Management in Southeast Asia, 241–250 (Eds Teng, P. S. and Heong, K. L.). College Park, MD: CICP.Google Scholar
Swaminathan, M. S. (1984). Rice. In Scientific American 250(1): 62–71.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Teng, P. S. (1985). Integrating crop and pest management: the need for comprehensive management of yield constraints in cropping systems. Journal of Plant Protection in the Tropics 2: 15–26.Google Scholar
Teng, P. S. (1986). Crop loss appraisal in the tropics. Journal of Plant Protection in the Tropics 3(1): 39–50.Google Scholar
Teng, P. S. (1990). Integrated pest management in rice: an analysis of the status quo with recommendations for action. Report submitted to the International IPM Task Force, FAO/ACIAR/NRI/AID/IDRC.Google Scholar
Teng, P. S. (1991). Integrated pest management activities at IRRI. Philippine Pest Management 1: 4–13.Google Scholar
Teng, P. S. (1992). Towards achieving an Asian-Pacific consensus on IPM. In Integrated Pest Management in the Asia-Pacific Region, 21–26 (Eds Ooi, P. A. C., Lim, G. S., Ho, T. H., Manalo, P. L. and Waage, J.). CAB International/Asian Development Bank.Google Scholar
Teng, P. S. & Heong, K. L. (Eds) (1988). Pesticide Management and Integrated Pest Management in Southeast Asia. Consortium for International Crop Protection, 4321 Hartwick Rd., College Park, MD 20740.Google Scholar
Teng, P. S. & Savary, S. (1992). Implementing the systems approach in pest management. Agricultural Systems 40: 237–264.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Teng, P. S., Fernandez, P. G. & Garcia, R. (1992). Traditional Agriculture of Major Philippine Tribal Groups, with Emphasis on Pest Management. Report submitted to the Philippine-German Biological Plant Protection Project, Malate, Manila, Philippines.Google Scholar
Teng, P. S., MacKenzie, D. R. & O'Laughlin, J. (1985). Impact of the International Agricultural Centers on Crop Protection in Developing Countries. Report to the CGIAR Impact Study (mimeo).Google Scholar
Teng, P. S., Shepard, B. M., Montri, Rumakom & Tjandrakirana, U. L. (1989). Integrated pest management in rice-based farming systems. Paper presented at International Rice Research Conference 1988, IRRI.Google Scholar
Teoh, C. H. & Ooi, P. A. C. (1986). Towards more effective plant protection in the tropics. Journal of Plant Protection in the Tropics 3: 51–72.Google Scholar
Thurston, H. D. (1990). Plant disease management practices of traditional farmers. Plant disease 74: 96–102.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Treakle, K. & Sacko, J. (1989). Attack of the killer bugs. Greenpeace, March/April 1989: 12–13.Google Scholar
Tryon, E. H. & Litsinger, J. A. (1988). Feasibility of using locally produced Bacillus thuringiensis to control tropical insect pests. In Pesticide Management and IPM in Southeast Asia, 73–82 (Eds Teng, P. S. and Heong, K. L.). College Park, MD: CICP.Google Scholar
Waibel, H. (1990). Pesticide subsidies and the diffusion of IPM in rice in Southeast Asia: The case of Thailand. FAO Plant Protection Bulletin 38: 105–111.Google Scholar
Wardhani, M. Anwar (1992). Developments in IPM: The Indonesian case. In Integrated Pest Management in the Asia-Pacific Region, 27–36 (Eds Ooi, P. A. C., Lim, G. S., Ho, T. H., Manalo, P. L. and Waage, J.). CAB International/Asian Development Bank.Google Scholar
Way, M. J. (1977). Integrated control-practical realities. Outlook on Agriculture 9(3): 127–131.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Willis, G. A. (1988). Pesticide residues in food and the environment: what do the levels really mean? In Pesticide Management and IPM in Southeast Asia, 379–390 (Eds Teng, P. S. and Heong, K. L.). College Park, MD: CICP.Google Scholar
Woodburn, A. T. (1990). The current rice agrochemicals market. In Pest Management in Rice, 45–56 (Eds Grayson, B. T., Green, M. B. and Copping, L. G.). London: Elsevier.Google Scholar