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COMPARATIVE EFFICACY OF HERBICIDES IN WEED CONTROL AND ENHANCEMENT OF PRODUCTIVITY AND PROFITABILITY OF RICE

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  23 March 2017

TEEKAM SINGH ,
BHAWANI SHANKAR SATAPATHY ,
PRIYANKA GAUTAM ,
BANWARI LAL ,
UPENDRA KUMAR ,
KANCHAN SAIKIA  and
K. B. PUN
TEEKAM SINGH*
Affiliation:
Regional Rainfed Lowland Rice Research Station, Gerua, 781102, Assam, India
BHAWANI SHANKAR SATAPATHY
Affiliation:
Regional Rainfed Lowland Rice Research Station, Gerua, 781102, Assam, India
PRIYANKA GAUTAM
Affiliation:
ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, 753006, India
BANWARI LAL
Affiliation:
ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, 753006, India
UPENDRA KUMAR
Affiliation:
ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, 753006, India
KANCHAN SAIKIA
Affiliation:
Regional Rainfed Lowland Rice Research Station, Gerua, 781102, Assam, India
K. B. PUN
Affiliation:
Regional Rainfed Lowland Rice Research Station, Gerua, 781102, Assam, India
*
§Corresponding author. Email: [email protected]
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Summary

Weed management is the major challenge to the success of boro rice (rice grown during Dec–Jan to May–Jun, also known as summer rice) in Southern Asia. Herbicide seems to be a cost effective and strategic tool from an agronomic view point to control weeds; however, herbicide application can potentially interfere with soil enzyme activity and microbial biomass carbon (MBC). A field study was conducted in 2012/13 and 2013/14 to evaluate the performance of sole and combined application of different pre-emergence herbicides in comparison to manual weeding in boro rice. Lowest weed density, biomass and highest weed control efficiency (~83%) were recorded with the pyrazosulfuron ethyl, causing higher grain yield (6.7 Mg ha−1 in 2012/13 and 4.5 Mg ha−1 in 2013/14) than treatments with chlorimuron + metsulfuron-methyl, bensulfuron methyl + pretilachlor, butachlor fb 2,4D, butachlor and cono-weeder. Among, the herbicidal treatments butachlor caused lower grain yield and higher weed density and biomass when compared to the others. Although grain yield was highest in weed-free treatments but net returns and (B:C) benefit cost ratio was highest for pyrazosulfuron ethyl due to high cost of hand weeding. After 15 days of herbicide application, lowest microbial biomass carbon was recorded with bensulfuron methyl + pretilachlor, whereas lower values of dehydrogenase and fluorescein diacetate activities were observed with the application of chlorimuron + metsulfuron-methyl at 15 days after herbicide application. Our results suggest that pyrazosulfuron ethyl is one broad-spectrum and economically effective herbicide for controlling weeds as an alternative to labour consuming hand weeding in boro rice cultivation.

Type
Research Article
Information
Experimental Agriculture , Volume 54 , Issue 3 , June 2018 , pp. 363 - 381
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Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2017 

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