Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-g7gxr Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-05T08:09:44.330Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

By what right do we invoke Human Rights?a

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  13 July 2009

Abstract

I have tried to trace the development of human rights from antiquity to the present day by quoting a succession of great thinkers from Pericles, St Paul and Marcus Aurelius to John Locke, Montesquieu and John Stuart Mill. I also quote the key provisions of covenants and resolutions from Magna Carta to the United Nations Universal Declaration of Human Rights. I list the many shameful countries where torture is still in constant use, and the very few where suspects are not subjected to inhuman treatments. I deplore our exclusive preoccupation with rights which has made us forget about human duties. Finally, I discuss some of the criticisms that have been made of the concept of human rights.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © Academia Europaea 1997

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

1.Council of Europe (1990) Human Rights in International Law. Strasbourg.Google Scholar
2.Lauterpacht, H. (1945) An International Bill of the Rights of Man. New York.Google Scholar
3.Lauterpacht, H. (1950) International Law and Human Rights. Stevens and Son Ltd, London.Google Scholar
4.Thucydides, (1960) The Peloponnesian War, translated by Jowett, Benjamin. Bantam Books, New York, p. 114.Google Scholar
5.Aurelius, Marcus (107) Meditations. Penguin Classics, Harmondsworth, Middlesex.Google Scholar
6.Stephenson, C. and Marcham, F. G. (1937) Sources of English Constitutional History. Harper, New York.Google Scholar
7.Stirk, P. and Weigall, D. (1995) An Introduction to Political Ideas. Pinter, London.Google Scholar
8.Overton, R. (1646) An Arrow Against All Tyrants. London, pp. 34.Google Scholar
9.Paine, T.The Rights of Man, quoted in P. Stirk and D. Weigall (1995) An Introduction to Political Ideas. Pinter, London.Google Scholar
10.de Montesquieu, C. Baron (1956) L'Esprit des lois. Vol. 1, Edition Garnier Fréres, Paris, pp. 162, 164, 198, 208, 258.Google Scholar
11.de Condorcet, Marquis (1934) Esquisse d'un tableau historique des progrès de l'esprit humain. Boivin et Cie, Paris.Google Scholar
12.Mill, J. S. (1989) On Liberty, with The Subjection of Women, and Chapters on Socialism. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.Google Scholar
13.Gewirth, A. (1982) Human Rights. University of Chicago Press, Chicago.Google Scholar