This study of the problems which, in the light of developing literary theory, still confront the critic of poetry, concentrates on the lyric. Its close relationship to music throughout its evolution leads to an analysis—with examples—of the way in which sound and thought patterns combine both in the making of the poem and in its effects on the reader. In this context I indicate possibilities for future studies in the nature of reader reception and suggest that benefit might be derived from interdisciplinary research involving cognitive scientists. Throughout, I stress the obligation for the critic to take into account the holistic nature of the poem.