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Vascular risk factors affect different brain regions in people with Alzheimer’s disease

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 September 2022

S. Tripathi ,
A. Murray ,
C. Wischik  and
B. Schelter
S. Tripathi*
Affiliation:
King George’s Medical University, Department Of Geriatric Mental Health, Lucknow, India
A. Murray
Affiliation:
University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen Biomedical Imaging Centre, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
C. Wischik
Affiliation:
University of Aberdeen, School Of Medicine, Medical Sciences And Nutrition, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
B. Schelter
Affiliation:
University of Aberdeen, Institute Of Complex System And Mathematical Biology, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
*
*Corresponding author.

Abstract

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Introduction

Vascular risk factors including hypertension, diabetes and dyslipidaemia promote diverse pathological mechanisms in the brain leading to cerebral hypoperfusion and ultimately cognitive decline in people. Medial temporal, medial frontal and anterior cingulate atrophy has been closely associated with diabetes and medial temporal lobe atrophy is associated with hypertension in people with Alzheimer’s disease (AD).

Objectives

To assess if hypertension, diabetes and dyslipidaemia have differential effects on different brain locations using brain imaging in people with AD.

Methods

The current study is based on [18F] fluorodeoxyglucose- positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) data of 970 participants from two large Phase III multi-centre clinical trials of a novel tau aggregation inhibitor drug Leuco-Methylthioninium (LMTX)meeting research criteria for mild to moderate AD. Vascular risk factor data including hypertension, diabetes and dyslipidaemia were collected and quantification of FDG PET hypo-metabolism was done by calculating Standardized Uptake Value Ratio(SUVR).

Results

Hypertension, diabetes and dyslipidaemia were found to have differential effects on brain locations in people with AD. When people with hypertension, diabetes and dyslipidaemia were compared to those without, mean SUVR was increased significantly in both left and right parietal and occipital lobes and decreased in left and right anterior cingulate gyri in hypertensives. SUVR was significantly higher in both left and right temporal lobes in diabetics andlower in both left and right anterior cingulate gyri in people with dyslipidaemia.

Conclusions

Vascular risk factors including hypertension, diabetes and dyslipidaemia have differential effects on different brain regions, measured using SUVR analysis of FDG-PET.

Disclosure

The FDG-PET data was taken from participants of two large phase III clinical trials sponsored by TauRx Therapeutics (Singapore). TauRx Therapeutics has contributed towards my studentship during my PhD but the data related to drug used in the clinical tria

Keywords

brain imagingVascular risk factors[18F] fluorodeoxyglucose- positron emission tomography (FDG-PET)Alzheimer’s disease
Type
Abstract
Information
European Psychiatry , Volume 65 , Special Issue S1: Abstracts of the 30th European Congress of Psychiatry , June 2022 , pp. S334 - S335
Creative Commons
Creative Common License - CCCreative Common License - BY
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2022. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of the European Psychiatric Association
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