Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-8ctnn Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-23T07:37:47.707Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

U-shaped relationship between depression and body mass index in the Korean adults

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  23 March 2020

J.-H. Lee ,
S.K. Park ,
J.-H. Ryoo ,
C.-M. Oh ,
J.-M. Choi ,
R.S. McIntyre ,
R.B. Mansur ,
H. Kim ,
S. Hales  and
J.Y. Jung
J.-H. Lee
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Ansan, Korea Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
S.K. Park
Affiliation:
Cohort Team, Total Healthcare Center, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University, School of medicine, Seoul, Korea
J.-H. Ryoo
Affiliation:
Departments of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
C.-M. Oh
Affiliation:
Departments of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
J.-M. Choi
Affiliation:
Departments of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
R.S. McIntyre
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada Department of Pharmacology, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
R.B. Mansur
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
H. Kim
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
S. Hales
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada Department of Supportive Care, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
J.Y. Jung*
Affiliation:
Total Healthcare Center, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University, School of medicine, Seoul, Korea
*
*Corresponding author. Total Healthcare center, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, 78 Saemunan-gil, Jongro-Gu, 110-746 Seoul, Republic of Korea. Fax: +82 2 2001 2626. E-mail address:[email protected] (J.Y. Jung).
Get access

Abstract

Background:

Although a number of studies have examined the relationship between depression and obesity, it is still insufficient to establish the specific pattern of relationship between depression and body mass index (BMI) categories. Thus, this study was aimed to investigate the relationship between depression and BMI categories.

Methods:

A cross-sectional study was conducted for a cohort of 159,390 Korean based on Kangbuk Samsung Health Study (KSHS). Study participants were classified into 5 groups by Asian-specific cut-off of BMI (18.5, 23, 25 and 30 kg/m2). The presence of depression was determined by Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression scales (CES-D) = 16 and = 25. The adjusted odd ratios (ORs) for depression were evaluated by multiple logistic regression analysis, in which independent variable was 5 categories of BMI and dependent variable was depression. Subgroup analysis was conducted by gender and age.

Results:

When normal group was set as a reference, the adjusted ORs for depression formed U-shaped pattern of relationship with BMI categories [underweight: 1.31 (1.14–1.50), overweight: 0.94 (0.85–1.04), obese group: 1.01 (0.91–1.12), severe obese group: 1.28 (1.05–1.54)]. This pattern of relationship was more prominent in female and young age group than male and elderly subgroup. BMI level with the lowest likelihood of depression was 18.5 kg/m2 to 25 kg/m2 in women and 23 kg/m2 to 25 kg/m2 in men.

Conclusions:

There was a U-shaped relationship between depression and BMI categories. This finding suggests that both underweight and severe obesity are associated with the increased risk for depression.

Keywords

DepressionBody mass indexUnderweightObesity
Type
Original article
Information
European Psychiatry , Volume 45 , September 2017 , pp. 72 - 80
Copyright
Copyright © European Psychiatric Association 2017

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Haslam, DWJames, WPObesity. Lancet 2005;366(9492):1197–1209.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lu, YHajifathalian, KEzzati, MWoodward, MGlobal burden of metabolic risk factors for chronic diseases collaboration (BMI mediated effects). Metabolic mediators of the effects of body-mass index, overweight, and obesity on coronary heart disease and stroke: a pooled analysis of 97 prospective cohorts with 1.8 million participants. Lancet 2014;383(9921):970–983.Google ScholarPubMed
Ng, MFleming, TRobinson, MThomson, BGraetz, NMargono, C, et al.Global, regional, and national prevalence of overweight and obesity in children and adults during 1980–2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013. Lancet 2014;384(9945):766–781.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bjerkeset, ORomundstad, PEvans, JGunnell, DAssociation of adult body mass index and height with anxiety, depression, and suicide in the general population: the HUNT study. Am J Epidemiol 2008;167(2):193–202.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Godin, OElbejjani, MKaufman, JSBody mass index, blood pressure, and risk of depression in the elderly: a marginal structural model. Am J Epidemiol 2012;176(3):204–213.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lasserre, AMGlaus, JVandeleur, CLMarques-Vidal, PVaucher, JBastardot, F, et al.Depression with atypical features and increase in obesity, body mass index, waist circumference, and fat mass: a prospective, population-based study. JAMA Psychiatry 2014;71(8):880–888.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Xiang, XAn, RObesity and onset of depression among US middle-aged and older adults. J Psychosom Res 2015;78(3):242–248.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Abou Abbas, LSalameh, PNasser, WNasser, ZGodin, IObesity and symptoms of depression among adults in selected countries of the Middle East: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Obes 2015;5(1):2–11.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gariepy, GNitka, DSchmitz, NThe association between obesity and anxiety disorders in the population: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Obes 2010;34(3):407–419.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Luppino, FSde Wit, LMBouvy, PFStijnen, TCuijpers, PPenninx, BW, et al.Overweight, obesity, and depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis of longitudinal studies. Arch Gen Psychiatry 2010;67(3):220–229.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Zhao, GLi, CFord, ESTsai, JDhingra, SSCroft, JB, et al.Associations between overall and abdominal obesity and suicidal ideation among US adult women. J Obes 2012;2012:263142.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Zhang, JYan, FLi, YMcKeown, REBody mass index and suicidal behaviors: a critical review of epidemiological evidence. J Affect Disord 2013;148(2–3):147–160.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Son, YJKim, GThe relationship between obesity, self-esteem and depressive symptoms of adult women in Korea. Korean J Obes 2012;21:89–98.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Yusufov, MDalrymple, KBernstein, MHWalsh, ERosenstein, LChelminski, I, et al.Body mass index, depression, and suicidality: the role of self-esteem in bariatric surgery candidates. J Affect Disord 2017;208:238–247.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Opel, NRedlich, RGrotegerd, DDohm, KHeindel, WKugel, H, et al.Obesity and major depression: body-mass index (BMI) is associated with a severe course of disease and specific neurostructural alterations. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2015;51:219–226.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ohayon, MMHong, SCPrevalence of major depressive disorder in the general population of South Korea. J Psychiatr Res 2006;40(1):30–36.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wyatt, RJHenter, IDMojtabai, RBartko, JJHeight, weight and body mass index (BMI) in psychiatrically ill US Armed Forces personnel. Psychol Med 2003;33(2):363–368.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Yu, NWChen, CYLiu, CYChau, YLChang, CMAssociation of body mass index and depressive symptoms in a Chinese community population: results from the Health Promotion Knowledge, Attitudes, and Performance Survey in Taiwan. Chang Gung Med J 2011;34(6):620–627.Google Scholar
Kim, JNoh, JWPark, JKwon, YDBody mass index and depressive symptoms in older adults: a cross-lagged panel analysis. PLoS One 2014;9(12):e114891.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
de Wit, LMvan Straten, Avan Herten, MPenninx, BWCuijpers, PDepression and body mass index, a U-shaped association. BMC Public Health 2009;9:14.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Johnston, EJohnson, SMcLeod, PJohnston, MThe relation of body mass index to depressive symptoms. Can J Public Health 2004;95(3):179–183.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Brewis, AAHan, SYSturtzSreetharan, CLWeight, gender, and depressive symptoms in South Korea. Am J Hum Biol 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajhb.22972.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Noh, JWKwon, YDPark, JKim, JBody mass index and depressive symptoms in middle aged and older adults. BMC Public Health 2015;15:310.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Thinggaard, MJacobsen, RJeune, BMartinussen, TChristensen, KIs the relationship between BMI and mortality increasingly U-shaped with advancing age? A 10-year follow-up of persons aged 70–95 years. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2010;65:526–531.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Adams, KFSchatzkin, AHarris, TB, et al.Overweight, obesity, and mortality in a large prospective cohort of persons 50 to 71 years old. N Engl J Med 2006;355:763–778.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hioki, HMiura, TMotoki, H, et al.Lean body mass index prognostic value for cardiovascular events in patients with coronary artery disease. Heart Asia 2015;7:12–18.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Oh, JYYang, YJKim, BSKang, JHValidity and reliability of Korean version of International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) short form. J Korean Acad Fam Med 2007;28:532–541.Google Scholar
Cho, MJKim, KHUse of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES-D) Scale in Korea. J Nerv Ment Dis 1998;186:304–310.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Radloff, LSThe CES-D scale a self-report depression scale for research in the general population. Appl Psychol Meas 1977;1:385–401.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
World Health Organization Regional Office for the Western Pacific Region International Association for the Study of Obesity International Obesity Task Force The Asian-Pacific perspective: redefining obesity and its treatment Sydney: Health Communications Australia; 2000. p. 17–18 [ISBN # 0-9577082-1-1].Google Scholar
Smarr, KLKeefer, ALMeasures of depression and depressive symptoms: Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II), Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D), Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Arthritis Care Res 2011;63:S454–S466.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Simon, GEVon Korff, MSaunders, KMiglioretti, DLCrane, PKvan Belle, G, et al.Association between obesity and psychiatric disorders in the US adult population. Arch Gen Psychiatry 2006;63:824–830.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Marini, MSriram, NSchnabel, KMaliszewski, NDevos, TEkehammar, B, et al.Overweight people have low levels of implicit weight bias, but overweight nations have high levels of implicit weight bias. PloS One 2013;8:e83543.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cho, MJSeong, SJPark, JEChung, IWLee, YMBae, A, et al.Prevalence and correlates of DSM-IV mental disorders in South Korean adults: the Korean Epidemiologic Catchment Area Study. Psychiatry Invest 2011 2015;12:164–170.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Supplementary material: File

Lee et al. supplementary material

Tables S1-S2
Download Lee et al. supplementary material(File)
File 21.4 KB
Supplementary material: File

Lee et al. supplementary material

Figure S1
Download Lee et al. supplementary material(File)
File 605.8 KB
Submit a response

Comments

No Comments have been published for this article.