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Use of the results of the study of oral fluid and buccal epithellium in the diagnosis of Alzheimer`s disease

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 September 2022

A. Sidenkova
A. Sidenkova*
Affiliation:
Ural State Medical University, Psychiatry, Yekaterinburg, Russian Federation

Abstract

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Introduction

The aim of the study was a comparative analysis of the results of neuropsychological tests with the indicators of the study of oral fluid and buccal epithelium cytograms in patients with Alzheimer’s disease.

Objectives

In the main group of 12 patients with Alzheimer’s disease, m=76.25±4.89. There were 12 cognitively healthy people in the control group. The average MMSE score among the observations of the main group was 13.42±3.63.

Methods

The ADAS-COG scale was used to detail the impaired cognitive functions. The concomitant pathology is compensated. The content of BDNF, TNF-α, IL1RA, IL-6, and IL-8 was determined in the oral fluid and in the blood serum.

Results

When analyzing buccal cytograms, attention was drawn to a pronounced increase in the number of cells with micronuclei in patients with AD to 1.8%; in the control group, the median was 0.1% (p<0.05). A direct correlation was established between the number of binuclear cells and the level of BDNF in the blood serum (r=0.646; p=0.03) in patients with AD. It is also important to note that the level of serum BDNF had a significant direct correlation with immediate memory, and the concentration of salivary BDNF correlates with the parameter of naming objects.

Conclusions

Correlations between amnesia, speech disorders, praxis, gnosis and pathology of the oral fluid and buccal epithelium, especially with the severity of karyopycnosis and karyorexis, have been established, indicating a direct correlation between the neurodegenerative process pathogenetically associated with Alzheimer’s disease and the processes of systemic inflammation and degeneration of the buccal epithelium.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.

Keywords

ORAL FLUIDBUCCAL EPITHELIUMAlzheimer’s disease
Type
Abstract
Information
European Psychiatry , Volume 65 , Special Issue S1: Abstracts of the 30th European Congress of Psychiatry , June 2022 , pp. S607
Creative Commons
Creative Common License - CCCreative Common License - BY
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2022. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of the European Psychiatric Association
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