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A surface-based morphometry study of risk and resilience markers associated with supramarginal thickness in schizophrenia

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  13 August 2021

A. Tomyshev ,
M. Omelchenko ,
V. Kaleda  and
I. Lebedeva
A. Tomyshev*
Affiliation:
Laboratory Of neuroimaging And Multimodal Analysis, FSBSI Mental Health Research Center, Moscow, Russian Federation
M. Omelchenko
Affiliation:
Department Of Youth Psychiatry, FSBSI Mental Health Research Center, Moscow, Russian Federation
V. Kaleda
Affiliation:
Department Of Endogenous Mental Disorders, FSBSI Mental Health Research Center, Moscow, Russian Federation
I. Lebedeva
Affiliation:
Laboratory Of neuroimaging And Multimodal Analysis, FSBSI Mental Health Research Center, Moscow, Russian Federation
*
*Corresponding author.

Abstract

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Introduction

Conventional structural neuroimaging methods can identify changes in cortical thickness but cannot relate these changes to specific cortical layers due to a lack of sensitivity. However, several indirect measures sensitive to changes specifically occurring in supragranular cortical layers were developed recently (github.com/kwagstyl/schizophrenia_gyral_sulcal).

Objectives

The aim was to assess the ability of these novel measures to detect cortical layers thickness characteristics potentially associated with risk or resilience to developing schizophrenia.

Methods

43 first-episode schizophrenia (FES) male patients, 29 non-converted individuals at ultra-high risk of psychosis (ncUHR, mean follow-up period – 6.5 years), and 43 matched healthy controls (HC) underwent structural MRI at 3T Philips scanner. Images were processed via FreeSurfer and MATLAB to derive two markers specific to supragranular thickness change: gyral-sulcal thickness differences (GSTD) and gyral-sulcal intrinsic curvature differences on pial surface (GSCD).

Results

GSCD measures were increased in temporal, parietal and occipital cortices, whereas both GSTD and GSCD were increased in the right frontal cortex in FES compared to HC. No GSTD or GSCD were changed in ncUHR compared to HC, and GSCD was decreased in the frontal cortex compared to FES.

Conclusions

Our findings from the indirect measures indicate a potential predominance of supragranular thinning in FES and suggest that a supragranular thinning in the right frontal lobe might be associated with precipitating risk and/or illness effects of schizophrenia. At the same time, no clear supragranular markers directly associated with resilience or risk mechanisms were identified. The work was supported by RFBR grant 20-013-00748.

Keywords

schizophréniaSupragranular thinningUltra-high risk of psychosisRisk and resilience
Type
Abstract
Information
European Psychiatry , Volume 64 , Special Issue S1: Abstracts of the 29th European Congress of Psychiatry , April 2021 , pp. S409
Creative Commons
Creative Common License - CCCreative Common License - BY
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of the European Psychiatric Association
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