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Suicidal ideation and time perspective in high school students

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  16 April 2020

Fiorenzo Laghi ,
Roberto Baiocco ,
Maria D’Alessio  and
Grazia Gurrieri
Fiorenzo Laghi*
Affiliation:
Faculty of Psychology, Department of Clinical Psychology, via dei Marsi 78, 00185Rome, Italy
Roberto Baiocco
Affiliation:
Faculty of Psychology, Department of Clinical Psychology, via dei Marsi 78, 00185Rome, Italy
Maria D’Alessio
Affiliation:
Faculty of Psychology, Department of Clinical Psychology, via dei Marsi 78, 00185Rome, Italy
Grazia Gurrieri
Affiliation:
Faculty of Psychology, Department of Clinical Psychology, via dei Marsi 78, 00185Rome, Italy
*
*Tel.: +39 0649917619; fax: +39 0649917672. E-mail address: [email protected] (F. Laghi).
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Abstract

Objective

Many studies have enlightened the relevance of deepening our knowledge of suicidal ideation among adolescents. However, research has given insufficient attention to the impact of time perspective on suicidal ideation: the present study confirms this relationship in a large sample of adolescents.

Method

A survey was conducted on a sample of 3700 Italian adolescents. We obtained data using a structured questionnaire addressing suicidal ideation, mental health status, self-esteem, individual and family characteristics, and time perspective (ZTPI) in three temporal frames: the past, present and future, and the attitude related to each one of them. Data were analyzed using bivariate and multivariate analyses.

Results

Overall, 9.2% of the sample reported severe suicidal ideation during the past two weeks; 7.6% reported moderate suicidal ideation. Female adolescents were more likely to report severe suicidal ideation when compared to males (χ(2)2 = 13.38, P = .001). There were no differences regarding age (χ(1)2 = 2.81, P = .245) and SES (χ(2)2 = 8.67, P = .08).

The first discriminant function was mostly explained by psychopathological symptoms (General Global Index), self-esteem and two dimensions of the ZTPI (Negative Past and Fatalistic Present).

Conclusions

Differences in time perspective dimensions between moderate and severe ideators suggest that these groups should be considered and analyzed as two discrete groups in further research.

Keywords

Suicidal ideationAdolescenceTime perspectiveOutcome
Type
Original article
Information
European Psychiatry , Volume 24 , Issue 1 , 2009 , pp. 41 - 46
Copyright
Copyright © Elsevier Masson SAS 2009

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