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Suicidal behaviour and cognition: A systematic review with special focus on prefrontal deficits

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  13 August 2021

J. Fernández-Sevillano ,
A. González-Pinto ,
J. Rodríguez-Revuelta ,
S. Alberich-Mesa ,
L. González-Blanco ,
I. Zorrilla-Martínez ,
Á. Velasco ,
P. López-Pena ,
I. Abad-Acebedo  and
P.A. Saiz
J. Fernández-Sevillano
Affiliation:
Medicine Department, Neuroscience, University of the Basque Country, LEIOA, Spain Bipolar Disorder Research Group, CIBERSAM, Madrid, Spain Department Of Psychiatry, Araba University Hospital, BIOARABA RESEARCH INSTITUTE Osakidetza Basque Health Service, Araba University Hospital, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
A. González-Pinto*
Affiliation:
Bipolar Disorder Research Group, CIBERSAM, Madrid, Spain Medicine Departament, Neuroscience, University of the Basque Country, LEIOA, Spain Departametn Of Psychiatry, Araba University Hospital, BIOARABA RESEARCH INSTITUTE Osakidetza Basque Health Service, Araba University Hospital, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
J. Rodríguez-Revuelta
Affiliation:
Department Of Psychiatry, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain Neuroscience And Sense Organs, ISPA HEALTH RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF THE PRINCIPALITY OF ASTURIAS, Oviedo, Spain Psychiatry, SESPA Mental Health Services of Principado de Asturias, OVIEDO, Spain
S. Alberich-Mesa
Affiliation:
Bipolar Disorder Research Group, CIBERSAM, Madrid, Spain Department Of Psychiatry, Araba University Hospital, BIOARABA RESEARCH INSTITUTE Osakidetza Basque Health Service, Araba University Hospital, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
L. González-Blanco
Affiliation:
Bipolar Disorder Research Group, CIBERSAM, Madrid, Spain Department Of Psychiatry, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain Neuroscience And Sense Organs, ISPA HEALTH RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF THE PRINCIPALITY OF ASTURIAS, Oviedo, Spain Psychiatry, SESPA Mental Health Services of Principado de Asturias, OVIEDO, Spain
I. Zorrilla-Martínez
Affiliation:
Medicine Department, Neuroscience, University of the Basque Country, LEIOA, Spain Bipolar Disorder Research Group, CIBERSAM, Madrid, Spain Department Of Psychiatry, Araba University Hospital, BIOARABA RESEARCH INSTITUTE Osakidetza Basque Health Service, Araba University Hospital, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
Á. Velasco
Affiliation:
Department Of Psychiatry, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain Neuroscience And Sense Organs, ISPA HEALTH RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF THE PRINCIPALITY OF ASTURIAS, Oviedo, Spain Psychiatry, SESPA Mental Health Services of Principado de Asturias, OVIEDO, Spain
P. López-Pena
Affiliation:
Medicine Department, Neuroscience, University of the Basque Country, LEIOA, Spain Bipolar Disorder Research Group, CIBERSAM, Madrid, Spain Department Of Psychiatry, Araba University Hospital, BIOARABA RESEARCH INSTITUTE Osakidetza Basque Health Service, Araba University Hospital, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
I. Abad-Acebedo
Affiliation:
Department Of Psychiatry, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
P.A. Saiz
Affiliation:
Department Of Psychiatry, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain Neuroscience And Sense Organs, ISPA HEALTH RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF THE PRINCIPALITY OF ASTURIAS, Oviedo, Spain Psychiatry, SESPA Mental Health Services of Principado de Asturias, OVIEDO, Spain Psychiatry, CIBERSAM, Madrid, Spain
*
*Corresponding author.

Abstract

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Introduction

Suicidal behaviour and cognition: A systematic review with special focus on prefrontal deficits Introduction: Suicide is a major health concern worldwide, thus, identifying risk factors would enable a more comprehensive understanding and prevention of this behaviour. Neuropsychological alterations could lead to difficulties in interpreting and managing life events resulting in a higher risk of suicide.

Objectives

Objective: Bibliographic review about the influence of neuropsychological deficits on suicidal behaviour.

Methods

Method: A systematic literature search from 2000 to 2020 was performed in Medline (Pubmed), Web of Science, SciELO Citation Index, PsycInfo, PsycArticles and Cochrane Library databases regarding studies comparing cognition of attempters versus non-attempters that share same psychiatric diagnosis. Results: 1.885 patients diagnosed with an Affective Disorder (n = 1512) and Schizophrenia/ Schizoaffective Disorder (n = 373) were included.

Results

In general comparison, attention was found to be clearly dysfunctional. Regarding diagnosis, patients with Schizophrenia and previous history of suicidal behaviour showed a poorer performance in executive function. Patients with current symptoms of an Affective Disorder and a previous history of suicidal attempt had poorer performance in attention and executive function. Similarly, euthymic affective patients with history of suicidal behaviour had worse decision-making, attention and executive function performance compared to euthymic non-attempters.

Conclusions

Patients who have attempted suicide have a poorer neuropsychological functioning than non-attempters with a similar psychiatric disorder in attention and executive function. These alterations increase vulnerability for suicide.

Conflict of interest

Jessica Fernández-Sevillano is beneficiary of the Pre-PhD Training Programme of the Basque Government. Dr. Gonzalez-Pinto has received grants and served as consultant, advisor or CME speaker for the following entities: Almirall, AstraZeneca, Bristol-Myers

Keywords

SuicidecognitionNeuropsychological functioning
Type
Abstract
Information
European Psychiatry , Volume 64 , Special Issue S1: Abstracts of the 29th European Congress of Psychiatry , April 2021 , pp. S584
Creative Commons
Creative Common License - CCCreative Common License - BY
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of the European Psychiatric Association
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