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Stimulus-induced craving and startle potentiation in abstinent alcoholics and controls

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  16 April 2020

S.-M. Grüsser ,
A. Heinz ,
A. Raabe ,
M. Wessa ,
J. Podschus  and
H. Flor
S.-M. Grüsser*
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, Clinical Psychology and Behavioral Neuroscience Unit, Humboldt-University, Hausvogteiplatz 5-7, 10117 Berlin, Germany
A. Heinz
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry of the Charité, Humboldt-University, Berlin, Germany
A. Raabe
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, Clinical Psychology and Behavioral Neuroscience Unit, Humboldt-University, Hausvogteiplatz 5-7, 10117 Berlin, Germany
M. Wessa
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, Clinical Psychology and Behavioral Neuroscience Unit, Humboldt-University, Hausvogteiplatz 5-7, 10117 Berlin, Germany
J. Podschus
Affiliation:
Department of Addiction, Hellersdorf Hospital, Berlin, Germany
H. Flor
Affiliation:
Department of Neuropsychology, Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim, Germany
*
*Corresponding author. E-mail address: [email protected] (S.M. Grüsser).
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Summary

Abstinent alcoholics often denycraving for alcohol but still show a high level of relapse. The eyeblink response to startling noise was used as an indicator of the emotional response to alcohol-related, positive, negative and neutral visual stimuli in abstinent alcoholics, social drinkers and rarelydrinking controls. The cognitive evaluation of the stimuli was assessed byratings of subjective craving, valence and arousal. The startle response of the alcoholics to alcohol-related stimuli was significantlyinhibited despite an aversive overt stimulus-evaluation. These findings indicate that alcohol-related stimuli mayhave appetitive incentive salience for alcoholics in spite of verbal reports of craving and valence to the opposite.

Keywords

CravingCue reactivityConditioned responseIncentive salienceAbstinent alcoholicsStartle
Type
Original Articles
Information
European Psychiatry , Volume 17 , Issue 4 , July 2002 , pp. 188 - 193
Copyright
Copyright © Éditions scientifiques et médicales Elsevier SAS 2002

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