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The Slovenian version of the Cardiac depression scale – validity and reliability

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 August 2024

A. Kokalj Palandacic ,
S. Ucman ,
M. Lainscak  and
B. Novak Sarotar
A. Kokalj Palandacic*
Affiliation:
1University Psychiatric Clinic Ljubljana 2Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana
S. Ucman
Affiliation:
1University Psychiatric Clinic Ljubljana
M. Lainscak
Affiliation:
2Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana 3Department of Internal medicine, Cardiology devision, General Hospital Murska Sobota, Murska Sobota, Slovenia
B. Novak Sarotar
Affiliation:
1University Psychiatric Clinic Ljubljana 2Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana
*
*Corresponding author.

Abstract

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Introduction

Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) were the cause of 40% of all deaths in Slovenia in 2016, and are the seventh most common cause of visits to the general practitioner. The prevalence of depression in people with CVD is high and is a strong predictor of mortality and additional cardiac events. In patients with coronary artery disease, depressive symptoms contribute to a lower quality of life and to physical limitations.

Objectives

The purpose of this study was to translate the Cardiac Depression Scale into Slovenian (S-CDS) and to assess its psychometric properties on Slovenian patients with heart disease.

Methods

After obtaining the consent from the original authors, the Cardiac depression scale was translated by three bilingual Slovenian native speakers with medical knowledge. Afterwards, they worked jointly to reach consensus on one version, which was then back-translated (Slovenian to English) by two independent English translators unfamiliar with the original version. The original authors approved the final draft. The S-CDS was then applied to a total of 272 patients with heart disease that underwent elective coronary angiography. At the same time the Spielberger Stait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-S) and the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale-20 (CES-D) were used. An exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, internal consistency, test–retest reliability and concurrent validity were performed.

Results

The total scale had Cronbach’s alpha 0.92 and test–retest reliability 0.71. Six factors were confirmed by the exploratory factor analysis, accounting for 60.88% of total variance. A two and one factor solution indicated by the confirmatory factor analysis had acceptable goodness-of-fit measures. A one factor solution was kept, considering a high correlation between the two factors and the theoretical background in previous studies. A moderate to strong correlations were confirmed by concurrent validation against the CES-D and the STAI-S.

Conclusions

The S-CDS with 25 questions is a reliable and valid instrument for measuring depressive symptoms in Slovenian patients with heart disease.

Disclosure of Interest

None Declared

Type
Abstract
Information
European Psychiatry , Volume 67 , Special Issue S1: Abstracts of the 32nd European Congress of Psychiatry , April 2024 , pp. S258
Creative Commons
Creative Common License - CCCreative Common License - BY
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2024. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of European Psychiatric Association
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