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The relationship between non-suicidal self-injury and suicidal ideation in patients with borderline personality disorder treated at the Arrazi psychiatric hospital in Salé
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 27 August 2024
Abstract
Non-suicidal self-harm, i.e. the intentional self-infliction of bodily harm without apparent suicidal intent, is a powerful risk factor for suicidal ideation and behavior [1]. Although non-suicidal self-harm and suicidal behaviour are distinct concepts, the two forms of deliberate self-harm frequently coexist and share key instrumental functions, such as escaping aversive internal states, reducing dysphoria or communicating distress, especially in patients with personality disorders. [2]
Some individuals also report using non-suicidal self-harm to ameliorate suicidal thoughts or urges [2].
To assess the relationship between non-suicidal self-harm and suicidal ideation in patients with borderline personality disorder followed at the Arrazi psychiatric hospital in Salé.
This was a descriptive cross-sectional study using a questionnaire including sociodemographic criteria, clinical criteria and the Beck suicidal intentionality scale to assess the relationship between non-suicidal self-harm and suicidal ideation in patients with borderline personality disorder followed and hospitalised at the Arrazi psychiatric hospital in Salé.
The inclusion criteria were as follows: both sexes with a diagnosis of borderline personality disorder according to DSM 5 criteria.
Exclusion criteria were current psychosis and severe intellectual disability.
We collect 63 participants.
The average age of the participants was 23, and they were predominantly female (89%). About 85% were single and 97% had no occupation. The majority of participants had a substance use disorder.
All participants had a history of non-suicidal self-harm and 36% had a history of suicide attempts.
Suicidal intent was strong in 45% of participants who had already attempted suicide.
Approximately 46% of participants reported that non-suicidal self-harm was intended to alleviate suicidal ideation and approximately 27% of participants reported having experienced suicidal ideation shortly after non-suicidal self-harm.
Non-suicidal self-harm is very common in patients with borderline personality disorder often considered to have a mitigating effect on the internal stress of these patients and sometimes even neglected. The relationship between non-suicidal self-harm and suicidal ideation is an important one, and may reduce suicidal ideation in the short term but subsequently encourage further self-harm, thereby increasing the risk of suicide.
Particular attention must be paid to these patients and their self-harm, and specialised, comprehensive care is required.
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- Information
- European Psychiatry , Volume 67 , Special Issue S1: Abstracts of the 32nd European Congress of Psychiatry , April 2024 , pp. S654
- Creative Commons
- This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
- Copyright
- © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of European Psychiatric Association
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