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The prevalence of psychiatric disorders in patients with Multiple Sclerosis in Saudi Arabia: A cross-sectional multi-centered study
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 19 July 2023
Abstract
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Introduction
Multiple sclerosis is considered one of the leading causes of neurological non-traumatic disability among young people. Given the chronic progressive nature of the disease, psychiatric disorders are more prevalent among those patients as reported in the literature; however, the data in Saudi Arabia is lacking.
Objectives
The study aimed to estimate the prevalence of psychiatric disorders among MS patient in Saudi Arabia.
Methods
This was a cross-sectional multi-centered study, including patients with multiple sclerosis. Participants were interviewed and asked to fill a validated survey that consisted of demographics, Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), and Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) questionnaire. Descriptive statistics were performed, and the analysis were made using Chi-square, Fisher’s exact, and ANOVA tests as appropriate.
Results
table 2
table 3
A total of 192 participants were included in the study. Based on a cutoff score of > 10 in the GAD-7 and PHQ-9 scales, the prevalence of anxiety was 26.1% (n-50), with majority of the participants having minimal anxiety (40%); meanwhile, the prevalence of depression was 42.7% (n=82), and most of them had mild depression (30%). [table 1, image 1 and 2] Females participants significantly scored higher in GAD-7 and PHQ-9 compared to males (p-value= 0.0376 and 0.1134, respectively). [table 2 and 3] In addition, no significant association was detected between functional disability (EDSS score) and the prevalence of anxiety and depression.table 1
| Items | |
|---|---|
| GAD 7 score, Mean (SD) | 6.5 (±4.9) |
| GAD 7, N (%) | |
| Fit for Anxiety (>10) * | 50 (26%) |
| Not Fit for Anxiety (<10) * | 142 (74%) |
| PHQ 9 score, Mean (SD) | 8.8 (±6.1) |
| PHQ 9, N (%) | |
| Fit for Depression (>10) * | 82 (42.7%) |
| Not Fit for Depression (<10) * | 110 (57.3%) |
| Fit for Anxiety (n=50) | Not Fit for Anxiety (n=142) | P Value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gender, N (%) | |||
| - Male | 10 (20%) | 51 (35.9%) | 0.0376 |
| - Female | 40 (80%) | 91 (64.1%) |
| N(%) | Fit for Depression (n=82) | Not Fit for Depression (n=110) | P Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gender, N (%) | |||
| - Male | 21 (25.6%) | 40 (36.4%) | 0.1134 |
| - Female | 61 (74.4%) | 70 (63.6%) |
Image:
Image 2:
Conclusions
This study reported high level of anxiety and depression among MS patients, with females being more affected. Since these co-morbid disorders could affect the disease course negatively, screening is of paramount significance.
Disclosure of Interest
None Declared
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- Abstract
- Information
- European Psychiatry , Volume 66 , Special Issue S1: Abstracts of the 31st European Congress of Psychiatry , March 2023 , pp. S867 - S868
- Creative Commons
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.- Copyright
- © The Author(s), 2023. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of the European Psychiatric Association
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