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Prevalence of depression in Europe using two different PHQ-8 scoring methods

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 September 2022

J. Arias De La Torre ,
G. Vilagut ,
A. Ronaldson ,
A. Serrano-Blanco ,
J. Valderas ,
V. Martín ,
A. Dregan ,
I. Bakolis  and
J. Alonso
J. Arias De La Torre*
Affiliation:
King’s College London, Health Services And Population Research, London, United Kingdom
G. Vilagut
Affiliation:
IMIM, Hspr, Barcelona, Spain
A. Ronaldson
Affiliation:
King’s College London, Health Services And Population Research, London, United Kingdom
A. Serrano-Blanco
Affiliation:
PSSJD, Institut De Recerca Sant Joan De Déu, Barcelona, Spain
J. Valderas
Affiliation:
University of Singapore, Medicine, Singapore, Singapore
V. Martín
Affiliation:
Universidad de León, Biomedical Sciences, León, Spain
A. Dregan
Affiliation:
King’s College London, Psychological Medicine, London, United Kingdom
I. Bakolis
Affiliation:
King’s College London, Health Services And Population Research, London, United Kingdom
J. Alonso
Affiliation:
IMIM, Hspr, Barcelona, Spain
*
*Corresponding author.

Abstract

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Introduction

The prevalence of depression based on the Patient Health Questionnaire-8 (PHQ-8) may vary depending on the scoring method.

Objectives

1) To describe the prevalence of depression in Europe using two PHQ-8 scoring methods. 2) To identify the countries with the highest prevalence according to each method.

Methods

Data from 27 countries included in the European Health Survey (EHIS-2) for the year 2014/2015 were used (n=258,888). All participants who completed the PHQ-8 were included. The prevalence of depression and its 95% Confidence Interval (95%CI) were calculated overall for the whole of Europe and for each country using a PHQ-8≥10 cut-off point and the PHQ-8 algorithm scoring method. Weights derived from the complex sample design were considered for their calculation.

Results

The overall prevalence of depression for all Europe was lower using the PHQ-8>=10 cut-off point (6.38%, 95%CI 6.24-6.52) than the PHQ-8 algorithm (7.01%, 95%CI, 6.86-7.16). Using the PHQ-8≥10 cut-off point, the highest prevalence was observed in Iceland (10.33%, 95%CI, 9.33-11.32), Luxembourg (9.74%, 95%CI, 8.76-10.72) and Germany (9.24%, 95%CI, 8.82-9.66). Using the PHQ-8 algorithm the highest rates were observed in Hungary (10.99%, 95%CI,10.14-11.84), Portugal (10.63%, 95%CI, 9.96-11.29) and Iceland (9.80%, 95%CI, 8.77-10.83).

Conclusions

There is variability in the prevalence of depression rates in Europe according to the PHQ-8 scoring method. These findings suggest the necessity of identify the method of choice for each country comparing with a gold standard measure (clinical diagnosis). Countries with consistent higher prevalence of depression based on PHQ-8 regardless of scoring method deserve further study.

Disclosure

This work has been funded by CIBERESP (ESP21PI05)

Keywords

PrevalenceDepressionEuropePHQ-8
Type
Abstract
Information
European Psychiatry , Volume 65 , Special Issue S1: Abstracts of the 30th European Congress of Psychiatry , June 2022 , pp. S299
Creative Commons
Creative Common License - CCCreative Common License - BY
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2022. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of the European Psychiatric Association
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