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Gray Matter Reductions in Cortical Midline Structures Related to Basic Self Disturbances in People at “ultra High Risk” for Psychosis

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 April 2020

I. Bonoldi
Affiliation:
Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), London, United Kingdom
P. Allen
Affiliation:
Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), London, United Kingdom
S. Tognin
Affiliation:
Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), London, United Kingdom
L. Madeira
Affiliation:
Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), London, United Kingdom
M. Azis
Affiliation:
Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), London, United Kingdom
C. Samson
Affiliation:
Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), London, United Kingdom
B. Quinn
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry University of Cambridge UK., CAMEO Early Intervention Services Cambridgeshire and Peterborough NHS Foundation Trust UK., Cambridge, United Kingdom
G. Modinos
Affiliation:
Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), London, United Kingdom
M. Bossong
Affiliation:
Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), London, United Kingdom
J. Stone
Affiliation:
Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), London, United Kingdom
J. Perez
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry University of Cambridge UK., CAMEO Early Intervention Services Cambridgeshire and Peterborough NHS Foundation Trust UK., Cambridge, United Kingdom
O. Howes
Affiliation:
Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), London, United Kingdom
P. Fusar-Poli
Affiliation:
Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), London, United Kingdom
P. McGuire
Affiliation:
Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), London, United Kingdom

Abstract

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Introduction

Basic Self disturbances (BSD), including changes of the 'pre-reflexive' sense of self and the loss first-person perspective, are characteristic of the schizophrenic spectrum disorders and highly prevalent in subjects at 'ultra high risk' for psychosis (UHR). The current literature indicates that cortical midline structures (CMS) may be implicated in the neurobiological substrates of the 'basic self' in healthy controls.

Objectives

Neuroanatomical investigation of BSD in a UHR sample

Aims

To test the hypotheses :(i) UHR subjects have higher 'Examination of Anomalous Self Experience, EASE' scores as compared to controls, (ii) UHR subjects have neuroanatomical alterations as compared to controls in CMS, (iii) within UHR subjects, EASE scores are directly related to structural CMS alterations.

Methods

32 HR subjects (27 antipsychotics-naïve) and 17 healthy controls (HC) were assessed with the 57-items semi-structured EASE interview. Voxel-Based Morphometry (VBM) was conducted in the same subjects, with a-priori Region of Interests (ROIs) defined in the CMS (anterior/posterior cingulate and medial-prefrontal cortex).

Results

Despite high variability in the HR group, the overall EASE score was higher (t-test >0.01, Cohen's d =2.91) in HR (mean=30.15, SD=16.46) as compared to HC group (mean=1.79, SD=2.83). UHR subjects had gray matter reduction in CMS as compared to HC (p>0.05 FWE-corrected). Across the whole sample, lower gray matter volume in the anterior cingulate was correlated with higher EASE scores (p>0.05).

Conclusions

This study provides preliminary evidence that gray matter reductions in the CMS are correlated with BSD in UHR people.

Type
Article: 0297
Copyright
Copyright © European Psychiatric Association 2015
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