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Familial liability to psychosis is a risk factor for multimorbidity in people with psychotic disorders and their unaffected siblings

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  23 March 2020

M.A. Islam ,
M.F.H. Khan ,
P.J. Quee ,
H. Snieder ,
E.R. van den Heuvel ,
R. Bruggeman ,
B.Z. Alizadeh ,
A.A. Bartels-Velthuis ,
N.J. van Beveren  and
W. Cahn
...Show all authors
M.A. Islam*
Affiliation:
University Center for Psychiatry, Rob Giel Research Center, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands Department of Statistics, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet3114, Bangladesh
M.F.H. Khan
Affiliation:
University Center for Psychiatry, Rob Giel Research Center, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
P.J. Quee
Affiliation:
University Psychiatric Centre (UPC), KU Leuven, campus Kortenberg, Leuven, Belgium
H. Snieder
Affiliation:
Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
E.R. van den Heuvel
Affiliation:
Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
R. Bruggeman
Affiliation:
University Center for Psychiatry, Rob Giel Research Center, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
B.Z. Alizadeh
Affiliation:
University Center for Psychiatry, Rob Giel Research Center, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
A.A. Bartels-Velthuis
Affiliation:
University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, University Center for Psychiatry, Groningen, The Netherlands
N.J. van Beveren
Affiliation:
Antes Center for Mental Health Care, Rotterdam, The Netherlands Erasmus MC, Department of Psychiatry, Rotterdam, The Netherlands Erasmus MC, Department of Neuroscience, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
W. Cahn
Affiliation:
University Medical Center Utrecht, Department of Psychiatry, Brain Centre Rudolf Magnus, Utrecht, The Netherlands
L. de Haan
Affiliation:
Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
P. Delespaul
Affiliation:
Maastricht University Medical Center, Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht, The Netherlands
C.J. Meijer
Affiliation:
Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
I. Myin-Germeys
Affiliation:
KU Leuven, Department of Neuroscience, Research Group Psychiatry, Center for Contextual Psychiatry, Leuven, Belgium
R.S. Kahn
Affiliation:
University Medical Center Utrecht, Department of Psychiatry, Brain Centre Rudolf Magnus, Utrecht, The Netherlands
F. Schirmbeck
Affiliation:
Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
C.J.P. Simons
Affiliation:
Maastricht University Medical Center, Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht, The Netherlands GGzE, Institute for Mental Health Care Eindhoven and De Kempen, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
N.E. van Haren
Affiliation:
University Medical Center Utrecht, Department of Psychiatry, Brain Centre Rudolf Magnus, Utrecht, The Netherlands
J. van Os
Affiliation:
Maastricht University Medical Center, Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht, The Netherlands King's College London, King's Health Partners, Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, London, United Kingdom
R. van Winkel
Affiliation:
Maastricht University Medical Center, Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht, The Netherlands KU Leuven, Department of Neuroscience, Research Group Psychiatry, Center for Contextual Psychiatry, Leuven, Belgium
GROUP Investigators
Affiliation:
University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, University Center for Psychiatry, Groningen, The Netherlands
*
*Corresponding author. University Center for Psychiatry, Rob Giel Research Center, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1 (9713 GZ), PO Box 30.001 (CC 72), 9700 RB, Groningen, The Netherlands. Fax: +31 50 36 19722. E-mail address:[email protected], [email protected] (M.A. Islam).
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Abstract

Background:

Multimorbidity may impose an overwhelming burden on patients with psychosis and is affected by gender and age. Our aim is to study the independent role of familial liability to psychosis as a risk factor for multimorbidity.

Methods:

We performed the study within the framework of the Genetic Risk and Outcome of Psychosis (GROUP) project. Overall, we compared 1024 psychotic patients, 994 unaffected siblings and 566 controls on the prevalence of 125 lifetime diseases, and 19 self-reported somatic complaints. Multimorbidity was defined as the presence of two or more complaints/diseases in the same individual. Generalized linear mixed model (GLMM) were used to investigate the effects of gender, age (adolescent, young, older) and familial liability (patients, siblings, controls) and their interactions on multimorbidity.

Results:

Familial liability had a significant effect on multimorbidity of either complaints or diseases. Patients had a higher prevalence of multimorbidity of complaints compared to siblings (OR 2.20, 95% CI 1.79–2.69, P < 0.001) and to controls (3.05, 2.35–3.96, P < 0.001). In physical health multimorbidity, patients (OR 1.36, 95% CI 1.05–1.75, P = 0.018), but not siblings, had significantly higher prevalence than controls. Similar finding were observed for multimorbidity of lifetime diseases, including psychiatric diseases. Significant results were observed for complaints and disease multimorbidity across gender and age groups.

Conclusion:

Multimorbidity is a common burden, significantly more prevalent in patients and their unaffected siblings. Familial liability to psychosis showed an independent effect on multimorbidity; gender and age are also important factors determining multimorbidity.

Keywords

Familial liabilityMultimorbidityPhysical healthPsychosisSchizophrenia
Type
Original article
Information
European Psychiatry , Volume 45 , September 2017 , pp. 81 - 89
Copyright
Copyright © European Psychiatric Association 2017

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