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Depression and Medierranean diet: analysis of the PREDIDEP randomised trial

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 August 2024

B. M. Cabrera Suárez ,
A. Sánchez Villegas ,
J. L. Hernández Fleta ,
P. Molero Santos  and
J. T. R. Sosa
B. M. Cabrera Suárez*
Affiliation:
1Hopsital Universitario de Gran Canaria Dr. Negrín, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria
A. Sánchez Villegas
Affiliation:
2Universidad Pública de Navarra, Navarra, Spain
J. L. Hernández Fleta
Affiliation:
1Hopsital Universitario de Gran Canaria Dr. Negrín, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria
P. Molero Santos
Affiliation:
2Universidad Pública de Navarra, Navarra, Spain
J. T. R. Sosa
Affiliation:
1Hopsital Universitario de Gran Canaria Dr. Negrín, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria
*
*Corresponding author.

Abstract

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Introduction

Unipolar depression is a growing global Public Health challenge. During last years, life factors such as diet, have been identified as a target for the development of adjunctive treatment that could reduce the rates of depression. The Mediterranean Diet (MD) is one of the most studied dietary factors that has been inversely associated with depression (Rahe et al. Eur J Nutr. 2014;53:997–1013). The PREDIDEP study is an ongoing secondary prevention trial aimed at assessing the effect of a MD enriched with extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) on depression recurrence (Sánchez-Villegas et al. BMC Psychiatry. 2019 Feb 11;19(1):63).

Objectives

This study aims to assess the effectiveness of a remote Mediterranean diet–based nutritional intervention in the context of a trial of depression.

Methods

The PREDIDEP study is a 2-year multicenter, randomized, single-blinded trial designed to analyse the effect of the MD enriched with extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) on the prevention of depression recurrence. The inervention group received phone contacts with dietist and had access to web-based information, and the control group had usual care for depressed patients. The 14-item MD Adherence Screener (MEDAS) questionnaire and a semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) were collected by dietitians at baseline and at 1-year and 2-year of follow-up. We used mixed effects linear models to assess changes in nutritional variables according to the group of intervention. The trial was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03081065.

Results

We observed that participants in the MD group increased their adherence to MD (between-group difference: 2.50; 95% CI 1.88-3.12; p<0.001) after one and two years (between-group difference: 2.57; 95% CI 1.93-3.22; p<0.001) of intervention compared with control group.

MEDAS questionnaireControl, mean (95% CI)Intervention, mean (95% CI)Between group difference, mean (95% CI)P value
Baseline6.96 (6.54-7.39)7 (6.63-7.39)N/AN/A
1 year7.2 (6.82-7.58)9.74 (9.3-10.18)N/AN/A
1-year change0.23 (-0.19-0.65)2.74 (2.28-3.19)2.50 (1.88-3.12)<0.001
2 years7.06 (6.66-7.46)9.68 (9.28-10.07)N/AN/A
2-years change0.10 (-0.38-0.58)2.67 (2.24-3.1)2.57 (1.93-3.22)<0.001

Calculated using mixed-effect models with center as random factor.

P value between group intervention difference.

N/A: not applicable.

MEDAS: Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screener

Conclusions

We found that this multifaceted remote nutritional intervention is a useful tool kit to maintain the quality of the diet according to the goals of the MD among patients at risk of depression.

Disclosure of Interest

None Declared

Type
Abstract
Information
European Psychiatry , Volume 67 , Special Issue S1: Abstracts of the 32nd European Congress of Psychiatry , April 2024 , pp. S190
Creative Commons
Creative Common License - CCCreative Common License - BY
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2024. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of European Psychiatric Association
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