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Changing trends of suicide mortality from 2011 to 2019: an analysis of 38 European Countries

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 July 2023

G. Fico ,
A. Gimenez-Palomo ,
R. Andra Bursan ,
C. R. Ionescu ,
F. Kraxner ,
P. Rolland ,
S. Gomes-Rodrigues ,
M. Batković ,
E. Metaj  and
S. Tanyeri Kayahan
...Show all authors
G. Fico*
Affiliation:
Bipolar and Depressive Disorders Unit - Hospital Clinic of Barcelona - IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain
A. Gimenez-Palomo
Affiliation:
Bipolar and Depressive Disorders Unit - Hospital Clinic of Barcelona - IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain
R. Andra Bursan
Affiliation:
“Alexandru Obregia” Clinical Psychiatry Hospital, Bucarest, Romania
C. R. Ionescu
Affiliation:
“Alexandru Obregia” Clinical Psychiatry Hospital, Bucarest, Romania
F. Kraxner
Affiliation:
Department of psychiatry and psychotherapy, Clinical Hospital Affoltern, Zurich, Switzerland
P. Rolland
Affiliation:
Academic Psychiatry Department, Centre Hospitalier Guillaume Regnier, Rennes, France
S. Gomes-Rodrigues
Affiliation:
Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário do Porto, Porto, Portugal
M. Batković
Affiliation:
Psychiatry Department, General Hospital, Dubrovnik, Croatia
E. Metaj
Affiliation:
Mia Clinic, Tirana, Albania
S. Tanyeri Kayahan
Affiliation:
Psychiatry, Turkish Ministry of Health Yalvac Public Hospital, Isparta, Türkiye
A. Mamikonyan
Affiliation:
Psychiatry, Yerevan State Medical University after Mkhitar Heratsi, Yerevan, Armenia
P. Paribello
Affiliation:
Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
A. K. Sikora
Affiliation:
Addictions and Medical Psychology, Ivano-Frankivsk National Medical University, Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine
C. M. Platsa
Affiliation:
Psychiatric Hospital of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
M. Spasic Stojakovic
Affiliation:
Institute of Mental Health, Belgrade, Serbia
A. H. Halt
Affiliation:
University of Oulu, Research Unit of Clinical Medicine Department of Psychiatry, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
M. Az
Affiliation:
State Hospital of Abdulkadir Yuksel, Gaziantep, Türkiye
N. Ovelian
Affiliation:
Saint Petersburg State Mental Hospital, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation
K. Melamud
Affiliation:
Kharkiv Psychoneurological dispensary, Kharkiv, Ukraine
M. Janusz
Affiliation:
Instytut Psychiatrii i Neurologii w Warszawie, Warsaw, Poland
K. Hinkov
Affiliation:
Etableesement Public de santé Alsace Nord, Strasbourg, France
C. Gramaglia
Affiliation:
Università del Piemonte Orientale, Maggiore della Carità University Hospital, Novara, Italy
J. Beezhold
Affiliation:
Great Yarmouth Acute Service, Northgate Hospital, Great Yarmouth, United Kingdom
J. L. Castroman
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, Nimes University Hospital, France, IGF, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier
C. Hanon
Affiliation:
Centre ressource régional de psychiatrie du sujet âgé (CRRPSA), AP-HP, Centre-Université de Paris, Paris, France
D. Eraslan
Affiliation:
Istanbul Psikiyatri Enstitusu, Istanbul, Türkiye
E. Olie
Affiliation:
Department of Emergency Psychiatry and Acute Care, Lapeyronie Hospital, IGF, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France
*
*Corresponding author.

Abstract

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Introduction

Suicide is a serious public health problem since it accounts for nearly 900,000 deaths each year worldwide. Globally in 2019, 10.7 persons out of 100,000 died by suicide. Psychiatric disorders are related to an overwhelming proportion of these cases. In the last years, several specific interventions and action plans for suicide prevention have been implemented in a number of European countries.

Objectives

Our aim was to analyze recent epidemiologic trends of suicide mortality rates in Europe.

Methods

Annual national statistics of suicide mortality rates derived from Eurostat public databases from 2011 to 2019 were analyzed for 38 European countries. The suicide mortality rate was estimated per year/100,000 population. Linear regression models were used to study temporal trends of suicidal mortality. Analyses were performed using RStudio.

Results

Available data show a statistically significant reduction in suicide mortality rates from 2011 to 2019 in 15 European countries, and a significant increase for Turkey (ES=0.32, SD=0.06, p=0.037) (Fig 1). The greatest significant decrease was reported in Lithuania (ES=-1.42, SD=0.02, p=0.02), followed by Hungary (ES=-1.13, SD=0.11, p=0.0007), Latvia (ES=-0.76, SD=0.11, p=0.007), and Poland (ES=-0.73, SD=0.10, p=0.001). Italy reported the lowest significant reduction in suicide mortality rates (ES=-0.13, SD=0.018, p=0.003). The remaining 16 countries showed no significant changes in suicide mortality trends.

Image:

Conclusions

In the last years, Europe registered an overall reduction in reported suicide rates. However, more recent data (i.e., suicide rates after COVID-19 pandemic, age and sex-related effect on suicide rates) should be analyzed and used to implement future recommendations. Current and future suicide prevention strategies aim to contribute to a greater reduction of suicide rates in the different European countries.

Disclosure of Interest

None Declared

Type
Abstract
Information
European Psychiatry , Volume 66 , Special Issue S1: Abstracts of the 31st European Congress of Psychiatry , March 2023 , pp. S85 - S86
Creative Commons
Creative Common License - CCCreative Common License - BY
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2023. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of the European Psychiatric Association
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