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Changes in the Concept of Vocational Rehabilitation of People with Intellectual Disabilities in Poland

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 April 2020

J. Krysta
Affiliation:
Regional Branch in Bytom, Polish Association in Favour of Intellectually Disabled Persons, Bytom, Poland
K. Krysta
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland

Abstract

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Introduction

The problem of employment of people with intellectual disabilities is present in many countries. The literature on this topic draws attention to the fact that the improvement of the situation in this area is conditioned by changes in government policies, practices of employers and adequate preparation to undertake professional duties by persons with intellectual disabilities.

Objective

The objective of this review was to explore the changes in vocational rehabilitation forms in Poland.

Methods

The analysis of documents and accessible literature was done.

Results

As one of the ways to solve this problem since 1991 in Poland the so called Workshops of Vocational Therapy have been created. According to the regulations the Workshops were designed for adults with intellectual disabilities, aged over 16 years with a total incapacity of gaining an employment, for which occupational therapy was a form of social rehabilitation. The further step in this process was the establishment of Vocational Activation Centers, with which high hopes were associated. They were expected to be an intermediate link in the creation of career paths from rehabilitation forms ultimately to open labor market. In practice it turned out that the creation of these Centers in Poland has been too slow.

Conclusions

This raised the necessity to change the attitude from the concept of matching the participant to work and to the new environment, which frequently ends as a trauma, to the concept of matching jobs to people. New initiatives and new rehabilitation programs are developed based on this attitude.

Type
Article: 1481
Copyright
Copyright © European Psychiatric Association 2015
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