Despite the achievements made in the treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), there still remains a high non-response rate to SSRIs. Furthermore, response is often delayed, increasing non-compliance. Even among responders, many do not reach remission and although symptoms are alleviated, functional impairment is still significant for some patients. These unmet needs would benefit from the development of strategies and treatment algorithms, including data on the role of antipsychotics and the potential therapeutic effects of new pharmacological agents. A better understanding of neurotransmitter involvement in the pathogenesis of the disorder, and the neurobiology of OCD might also pave the way for new treatments.

Twelve international experts in the field of obsessive-compulsive related disorders produced a consensus statement with the goal of updating the data, and discussing controversies, following a two-day consensus meeting. The statement is divided into chapters discussing: dimensions and diagnosis, the neurobiology of OCD, current and emerging treatments, and populations of special concern.

With the suggested changes to the diagnosis of OCD in the upcoming DSM-V, and the broader view now taken towards disorders to be included in under this heading, the biology of impulsivity and uncontrollable urges takes on an additional meaning and opens up a variety of potential new treatments. The specific outcome of the statement will be discussed briefly in view of the limitations of a poster.

There is emerging evidence from basic science and imaging that can be potentially harnessed for improving diagnosis, and consequently treatment interventions, in OC-related disorders.