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Borderline Personality Disorder And Childhood Trauma: Witch Relationship?

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 September 2022

M. Turki ,
N. Gargouri ,
M. Abdellatif ,
S. Ellouze ,
O. Abidi ,
N. Halouani  and
J. Aloulou
M. Turki*
Affiliation:
Hedi Chaker University Hospital, Psychiatry “b” Department, Sfax, Tunisia
N. Gargouri
Affiliation:
Hedi Chaker University Hospital, Psychiatry “b” Department, Sfax, Tunisia
M. Abdellatif
Affiliation:
Hedi Chaker University Hospital, Psychiatry “b” Department, Sfax, Tunisia
S. Ellouze
Affiliation:
Hedi Chaker University Hospital, Psychiatry “b” Department, Sfax, Tunisia
O. Abidi
Affiliation:
Hedi Chaker University Hospital, Psychiatry “b” Department, Sfax, Tunisia
N. Halouani
Affiliation:
Hedi Chaker University Hospital, Psychiatry “b” Department, Sfax, Tunisia
J. Aloulou
Affiliation:
Hedi Chaker University Hospital, Psychiatry “b” Department, Sfax, Tunisia
*
*Corresponding author.

Abstract

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Introduction

Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) is a pervasive pattern of impulsiveness, emotional dysregulation, and difficult interpersonal relationships. Several studies showed that its onset depends on the combination of biological and psychosocial factors, particularly between biological vulnerabilities and traumatic experiences during childhood.

Objectives

We aimed to explore the mediators of the effects of childhood trauma in BPD vulnerability.

Methods

We conducted a literature review using “PubMed” database and keywords “borderline personality disorder”, “childhood trauma”, “hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis”, “stress”, adverse childhood experiences”.

Results

Several studies showed that a diagnosis of BPD is associated with child abuse and neglect more than any other personality disorders, with a range between 30 and 90% in BPD patients. All types of abuse and neglect happen to be significantly associated with BPD features. Besides, the exposure to multiple types of maltreatment through multiple development periods increased the severity of BPD. Several studies highlighted the role of alterations in Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal axis, in neurotransmission, in the endogenous opioid system and in neuroplasticity in the childhood trauma-associated vulnerability to develop BPD. Besides, morphological changes in several BPD brain areas and in particular in those involved in stress response have also been incriminated.

Conclusions

Our findings regarding the role of childhood trauma in the development of BPD would help identify and develop early intervention services for a vulnerable population. The critical role of psychotherapy in treating individuals with early life stress may partially explain why the prevailing empirically validated treatments for BPD are psychotherapeutic.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.

Keywords

Childhood Traumaborderline personality disorder
Type
Abstract
Information
European Psychiatry , Volume 65 , Special Issue S1: Abstracts of the 30th European Congress of Psychiatry , June 2022 , pp. S374
Creative Commons
Creative Common License - CCCreative Common License - BY
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2022. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of the European Psychiatric Association
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