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Body image as a mediator in the relationship between psychotic experiences and later disordered eating: A 12-month longitudinal study in high school adolescents

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 August 2024

L. Houissa ,
S. Hallit ,
M. Cheour ,
A. A. Loch  and
F. Fekih-Romdhane
L. Houissa*
Affiliation:
1The Tunisian Center of Early Intervention in Psychosis, Department of Psychiatry “Ibn Omrane”, Razi hospital, Manouba 2Tunis El Manar University, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia
S. Hallit
Affiliation:
3School of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik, Jounieh, Lebanon 4Psychology Department, College of Humanities, Effat University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia 5Applied Science Research Center, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan 6Research Department, Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross, Jal Eddib, Lebanon
M. Cheour
Affiliation:
1The Tunisian Center of Early Intervention in Psychosis, Department of Psychiatry “Ibn Omrane”, Razi hospital, Manouba 2Tunis El Manar University, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia
A. A. Loch
Affiliation:
7Laboratorio de Neurociencias (LIM 27), Instituto de Psiquiatria, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo 8Instituto Nacional de Biomarcadores em Neuropsiquiatria (INBION), Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnológico, Sao Paulo, Brazil
F. Fekih-Romdhane
Affiliation:
1The Tunisian Center of Early Intervention in Psychosis, Department of Psychiatry “Ibn Omrane”, Razi hospital, Manouba 2Tunis El Manar University, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia
*
*Corresponding author.

Abstract

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Introduction

Psychotic experiences (PE) and disordered eating (DE) are frequently observed among the general population, especially in childhood and adolescence. However, the relationship between the two groups of disorders is still unclear.

Objectives

To explore the hypothesis that the pathways from PEs to DE are mediated by body-image disturbances in a sample of adolescents

Methods

We conducted a 12-month longitudinal study on high school students from four different high schools from the Ariana governorate, from April 2022 to April 2023.

Participants were evaluated at baseline then every 6 months with a target length of follow-up of 1 year.

The questionnaire contained

Questions about socio demographic variables

The Eating Attitude Test (EAT-26)

The Multidimensionnal Body Self-Relations Questionnaire Appearance Scale (MBSRQ-AS)

The Community Assesment of Psychic Experiences (CAPE-42)

Results

1) Sample characteristics

Sample was constituted of 510 individuals. Of those, 312 (61.2%) were females. Mean age was of 16.05 (SD=1.01) years.

The majority of the students resided in urban areas, accounting for 97.8% of the total.

When it comes to family income, 4.1% of the students’ families had an income of less than 1000 Tunisian Dinars (TD), 25.9% had an income between 1000 and 2000 TD, 32.2% had an income ranging from 2000 to 3000 TD, and the remaining 37.8% had a family income of over 3000 TD.

The EAT-26, MBSRQ-AS and CAPE-42 scores are shown in table 1.Table 1.

The longitudinal evolution of study variables

BaselineT 6 monthsT 12 monthspPartial Eta Squared η2
Disordered eating (EAT-26)11.9 ± 9.411.9 ± 9.712.6 ± 10.2.080.006
Self-classified weight (Body image)6.0 ± 1.75.9 ± 1.66.0 ± 1.6.946.001
Body areas satisfaction30.9 ± 6.431.8 ± 6.431.4 ± 6.8.025.010
Overweight preoccupation9.3 ± 3.69.2 ± 3.79.2 ± 3.7.545.001
Appearance Orientation41.0 ± 5.441.6 ± 5.441.6 ± 5.5.007.014
CAPE positive dimension (total)39.6 ± 8.739.1 ± 9.139.7 ± 9.5.756.001
Body Mass index21.6 ± 3.421.5 ± 3.221.7 ± 3.2.034.009

2) Findings of the mediating analysis

Disordered Eating scores had no significant effect in subjects across time. However, the effect of the interaction between baseline Overweight Preoccupation with Disordered Eating across time was statistically significant (p=0.036). Overweight Preoccupation (Z=85.095, p<0.001), Body Area Satisfaction (Z=25.053, p<0.001), and CAPE positive dimension (Z=59.931, p<0.001) scores had significant main effects between subjects. (figure 1 and figure 2)

Image:

Image 2:

Conclusions

Findings showed that body image disturbances mediated the prospective association between PEs and DE. Adolescents with increased PEs were more likely to experience body image disturbances and, in turn, DE symptoms. These findings offer promising new avenues for prevention and early intervention.

Disclosure of Interest

None Declared

Type
Abstract
Information
European Psychiatry , Volume 67 , Special Issue S1: Abstracts of the 32nd European Congress of Psychiatry , April 2024 , pp. S559 - S560
Creative Commons
Creative Common License - CCCreative Common License - BY
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2024. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of European Psychiatric Association
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