The aim of the study was to identify inpatients due to autolytic behavior in the acute psychiatric hospitalization of Dr. R. Lafora Hospital. It is an observational, descriptive and retrospective study. We collected information about patients aged 18 to 64 who were hospitalized during the month of January of 2015 in the acute psychiatric hospitalization by Selene software. The results were analyzed by SPSS software; 53.3% of patients diagnosed with schizophrenia spectrum and other psychotic disorders were hospitalized for acute exacerbation of paranoid schizophrenia; 57.1% of personality disorders for suicide attempts, 28.6% autolytic ideation; 28.6% of bipolar disorders due to mania, 28.6% depression, 28.6% mixed clinical and 14.29% suicide attempts; 60% of alcohol use disorders for autolytic ideation, 20% intoxication; 100% of substance-related and addictive disorders due to autolytic ideation; 100% of feeding and eating disorders for autolytic ideation; 50% of obsessive-compulsive and related disorders due to autolytic ideation; 100% of adjustment disorders with depressed mood due to drug over-eating; 100% of adjustment disorders with mixed anxiety and depressed mood for mixed clinic; 16.7% of depressive disorders due to dysthymia, 16.7% due to major depressive episode, 16.7% for moderate depressive episode, 16.7% for mild depressive episode with mixed nature, 16.7% for drug over-eating, 16.7% for autolytic ideation. It would be important to focus on patients with a diagnosis of adjustment disorders, personality disorders, alcohol use disorders, obsessive-compulsive and related disorders and bipolar disorders, providing community care and avoiding the risks associated psychiatric hospitalization.