Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-94fs2 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-17T07:24:57.028Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Measurement of the perception of facially expressed emotions by a computerized device: method of analysis and research for the integration of emotions (MARIE)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  16 April 2020

Philippe Granato  and
Raymond Bruyer
Philippe Granato*
Affiliation:
Centre Hospitalier de Valenciennes, Avenue Desandrouin, 59300 Valenciennes, France; Centre d’Investigation Clinique & INSERM, CHR&U, Lille, France
Raymond Bruyer
Affiliation:
Faculté de Psychologie et des Sciences de l’Éducation (unité de neurosciences cognitives), Université de Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
*
*E-mail address:[email protected] (P. Granato).
Get access

Summary

Current computerized tools allow detailed exploration of the structure and functioning of the “black box,” i.e., human cognitive and affective systems as well as thought. This technology was used to study the visual perception of facially expressed emotions. Morphological transition from one canonical emotion to another led to the creation of a continuum of intermediary pictures, and the identification of perceived emotions by 65 normal subjects was measured. We call this application “MARIE” (in French: Méthode d’Analyse et de Recherche de l’Intégration des Émotions; Method of Study and Analysis of Integration of Emotions). Our study examined the relationship between the quantitative modification of the continuum and the quantitative variation of the responses. Standardization of graphs led to the assessment of the two parameters of a Laplace-Gauss curve, i.e., mean and standard deviation. It is argued that such a tool could be very useful in the clinical assessment of the emotional state of subjects and/or of patients.

Keywords

PerceptionEmotionsFacial expressionsMorphingLaplace-Gauss
Type
Original article
Information
European Psychiatry , Volume 17 , Issue 6 , October 2002 , pp. 339 - 348
Copyright
Copyright © Éditions scientifiques et médicales Elsevier SAS 2002

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

American Psychiatric Association (APA). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders. 4th ed. Washington, DC: ABA; 1994 (French translation: JD Guelfi et al. Mini DSM IV- critères diagnostiques. Paris: Masson; 1996)Google Scholar
Beale, JMKeil, FC. Categorical effects in the perception of faces. Cognition 1995; 57; 217–39.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bornstein, MHKorda, NO. Discrimination and matching within and between hues measured by reaction times: some implications for categorical perception and levels of information processing. Psychol Res 1984; 46; 207–22.Google Scholar
Bruyer, R. Le visage et l’expression faciale: approche neuropsychologique. Liège: Mardaga; 1983.Google Scholar
Bruyer, R. Les mécanismes de reconnaissance des visages. Grenoble: Presses Universitaires de Grenoble; 1987.Google Scholar
Bruyer, RGranato, P. Categorical effects in the perception of facial expressions: MARIE—a simple and discriminating clinical tool. Eur Rev Appl Psychol 1999;49(1):3–10.Google Scholar
Calder, AJYoung, AWPerrett, DIEtcoff, MLRowland, D. Categorical perception of morphed facial expressions. Visual Cognition 1996;3:81–117.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Calder, AJYoung, AWRowland, DPerrett, DIHodges, JREtcoff, NL. Facial emotion recognition after bilateral amygdala damage: differentially severe impairment of fear. Cognitive Neuropsychol 1996;13;699–745.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Calder, AJKeane, JCole, JCampbell, RYoug, AW. Facial expression recognition by people with Möbius syndrome. Cognitive Neuropsychol 2000;17;73–87.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Campanella, SHanoteau, CDépy, DRossion, BBruyer, RCrommelinck, MGuérit, JM. Right N170 modulation in a face discrimination task: an account for categorical perception of familiar faces. Psychophysiology 2000;37;796–806.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Campanella, SChrysochoos, ABruyer, R. Categorical perception of facial gender information: behavioural evidence and the face-space metaphor. Visual Cognition 2001;8;237–62.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Campanella, SQuinet, PBruyer, RCrommelinck, MGuérit, JM. Categorical perception of happiness and fear facial expressions: an ERP study. J Cognitive Neurosci 2002;14;210–27.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
De Gelder, BTeunisse, JPBenson, PJ. Categorical perception of facial expressions: categories and their internal structure. Cognition and Emotion 1997;11;1–23.Google Scholar
Drag, RMShaw, ME. Factors influencing the communication of emotional intent by facial expressions. Psychonomic Sci 1967; 8; 137–8.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ekman, P. Universals and cultural differences in facial expressions of emotion. In: Cole, JNebraska Symposium on Motivation. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press; 1972. p. 207–83.Google Scholar
Ekman, P. Strong evidence for universals in facial expression: a reply to Rusell’s mistaken critique. Psychol Bull 1994;115:268–87.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ekman, PFriesen, WV. Unmasking the face. Englewood Cliffs (NJ): Prentice Hall; 1975.Google Scholar
Etcoff, NLMagee, JJ. Categorical perception of facial expressions. Cognition 1992; 44:222–40.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Field, TMWoodson, RGreenberg, RCohen, D. Discrimination and imitation of facial expressions by neonates. Science 1982;218:179–81.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Granato, PBruyer, RRevillion, JJ. Étude objective de la perception du sourire et de la tristesse par la méthode d'analyse de recherche de l'intégration des émotions « MARIE ». Annales Médico-Psychologiques 1996;154(1):1–9.Google Scholar
Halberstadt, JBNiedenthal, PM. Emotional state and the use of stimulus dimensions in judgment. J Personal Social Psychol 1997;72:1017–33.Google ScholarPubMed
Levin, DTBeale, JM. Categorical perception occurs in newly learned faces, other-race faces, and inverted faces. Percep Psychophys 2000;62:386–401.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Liberman, AMHarris, SHooman, HSGriffith, BC. The discrimination of speech sounds within and across phoneme boundaries. J Exp Psychol 1957;54:358–68.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Liberman, AMCooper, FSShankweiler, DPStuddert-Kennedy, M. Perception of the speech code. Psychol Rev 1967;74:431–61.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Livingston, KRAndrews, JKHarnad, S. Categorical perception effects induced by category learning. J Exp Psychol: Learning, Memory and Cognition 1998;24:732–53.Google ScholarPubMed
Lockard, J. Studies of human social signals: theory, methods and data. In: Lockard, J editor. Evolution of Human Social Behaviour. Amsterdam: Elsevier; 1980. p. 1–30.Google Scholar
Niedenthal, PMCantor, N. Affective responses as guides to category-based inferences. Motivation and Emotion 1986;10:217–32.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Niedenthal, PMHalberstadt, JBSetterlund, MB. Being happy and seeing ‘happy’: emotional state mediates visual word recognition. Cognition and Emotion 1997;11:403–32.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Plutchik, R. The emotions: facts, theories, and a new model. New York: Random House; 1962.Google Scholar
Russell, JA. A circumplex model of affect. J Personal Social Psychol 1980; 39; 1161–78.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schwartz, D. Méthodes statistiques à l’usage des médecins et des biologistes. Paris: Flammarion; 1975.Google Scholar
Stevenage, VS. Which twin are you? A demonstration of induced categorical perception of identical twin faces. Br J Psychol 1998; 89; 39–57.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Woodworth, RSSchlosberg, H. Experimental psychology, revised edition. New York: Holt; 1954.Google Scholar
Young, AWRowland, DCalder, AJEtcoff, NLSeth, APerrett, DI. Facial expression megamix: tests of dimensional and category accounts of emotion recognition. Cognition 1997;63:271–313.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Young-Browne, GRosenfeld, HMHorowitz, F.D. Infant discrimination of facial expressions. Child Dev 1977;48:555–62.Google Scholar
Submit a response

Comments

No Comments have been published for this article.