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25I-NBOMe: The legal LSD

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  23 March 2020

I. Ezquiaga ,
M. Grifell ,
L. Galindo ,
L. Martínez ,
Á. Palma ,
P. Quintana ,
M. Ventura ,
E. Ribera ,
L. Pujol  and
I. Fornís
...Show all authors
I. Ezquiaga*
Affiliation:
Institut de Neuropsiquiatria i Addiccions, Parc de Salut Mar, Psychiatry, Barcelona, Spain
M. Grifell
Affiliation:
Institut de Neuropsiquiatria i Addiccions, Parc de Salut Mar, IMIM, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Psychiatry, Barcelona, Spain
L. Galindo
Affiliation:
Institut de Neuropsiquiatria i Addiccions, Parc de Salut Mar, IMIM, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Psychiatry, Barcelona, Spain
L. Martínez
Affiliation:
Institut de Neuropsiquiatria i Addiccions, Parc de Salut Mar, Psychiatry, Barcelona, Spain
Á. Palma
Affiliation:
Institut de Neuropsiquiatria i Addiccions, Parc de Salut Mar, IMIM, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Psychiatry, Barcelona, Spain
P. Quintana
Affiliation:
Energy Control, Asociación Bienestar y Desarrollo, Energy Control, Primary Care, Barcelona, Spain
M. Ventura
Affiliation:
Energy Control, Asociación Bienestar y Desarrollo, Energy Control, Barcelona, Spain
E. Ribera
Affiliation:
Institut de Neuropsiquiatria i Addiccions, Parc de Salut Mar, Psychiatry, Barcelona, Spain
L. Pujol
Affiliation:
Institut de Neuropsiquiatria i Addiccions, Parc de Salut Mar, Psychiatry, Barcelona, Spain
I. Fornís
Affiliation:
Energy Control, Asociación Bienestar y Desarrollo, Energy Control, Barcelona, Spain
M. Torrens
Affiliation:
Institut de Neuropsiquiatria i Addiccions, Parc de Salut Mar, IMIM, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Psychiatry, Barcelona, Spain
M. Farré
Affiliation:
Hospital Universitari Germans Trías i Pujol, IGTP, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Psychiatry, Barcelona, Spain
*
*Corresponding author.

Abstract

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Introduction

Novel psychoactive substances (NPS) use is progressively increasing year on year. A new group of phenethylamines sold as legal stimulants and hallucinogens is being reported increasingly since 2012. Within this group, 25I-NBOMe is an outstanding substance with powerful effects and high affinity with the serotonin 2a (5HT2a) receptor. Several toxicity cases have been reported so far.

Objectives

To describe the presence of 25I-NBOMe and its characteristics in samples delivered to Energy Control from 2009 to 2015 in Spain.

Methods

Among the samples, 21,198 analyzed from august 2009 to august 2015 and only those samples containing 25I-NBOMe were studied (n = 56). Samples were analyzed by Energy Control, a Spanish harm-reduction NGO that offers users the possibility of analyzing the substances they intend to consume. Analysis was done by Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry.

Results

From 56 samples were 25I-NBOMe was found, 24 were bought as LSD (42.8%), 12 as 25I-NBOMe (21.4%), 4 as 25C-NBOMe (7.1%), 4 as 25I-NBOH (7.1%) and 12 as other substances (21.4%), gummy bears included. All samples were received from 2012 on, having the highest peak on 2013 (19 samples).

Conclusions

25I-NBOMe consumption represents an emerging issue with potential harmful effects, especially when the substance used is not the expected. Further pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic, clinical and epidemiological researches should be conducted to deepen knowledge about 25I-NBOMe and the management of its possible toxic effects. Physicians should be aware of NPS, their increasing use and the clinical differences between them.

Disclosure of interest

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Type
FC02
Information
European Psychiatry , Volume 33 , Issue S1: Abstracts of the 24th European Congress of Psychiatry , March 2016 , pp. S72 - S73
Copyright
Copyright © European Psychiatric Association 2016
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