Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-8ctnn Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-27T19:38:59.640Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Validez nosológica de la distimia. Parte II: datos familiares, de comorbilidad, biológicos y psicológicos

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 May 2020

L. Waintraub
Affiliation:
París V, Universidad de Cochin-Port-Royal, CHS Paul Guiraud, 54 Avenue de la République, 94806Villejuif cedex
J. D. Guelfi
Affiliation:
Universidad deParís XI, Hospital Paul Brousse, 94804Villejuif cedex, Francia
Get access

Resumen

Aunque algunos estudios recientes parecen revelar una relación familiar más específica para la distimia además de una relación familiar conocida de antes con los trastomos del estado de ánimo, y aunque los resultados con respecto a la relación entre la distimia y la personalidad depresiva así como la búsqueda de posibles correlates biológicos y psicológicos apoyan la validez nosológica de la distimia, los estudios de comorbilidad plantean preguntas difíciles. Los estudios de comorbilidad tanto con trastomos del eje I como con trastomos del eje II ponen en tela de juicio la validez de la distimia, pero también ponen en duda el modelo de categoráas actualmente en uso, más que la validez de una categoría determinada. Sin embargo, existen ahora datos suficientes, que confirman algunas hipótesis implicadas por el constructo nosológico de la distimia dentro de este modelo, para no descartar esta categoría. Por ejemplo, la distimia claramente no es un trastorno de la personalidad, y parece distinta también de la depresión mayor. El problema de la compleja naturaleza de la relación entre la distimia y la depresión mayor sigue todavía sin resolver.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © European Psychiatric Association 1999

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

BIBLIOGRAFÍA

1.Akiskal, HS. Dysthymia: clinical and external validity. Acta Psychiatr Scand 1994; 89 suppl 383: 19-23.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
2.Akiskal, HSKing, DRosenthal, TLRobinson, DScott-Strauss, A. Chronic depressions. I: clinical and familial characteristics in 137 probands. J Affect Disord 1981; 3: 297-315.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
3.Alneas, RTorerson, S. Personality and personality disorders among patients with various affective disorders. J Personality Disorders 1991; 5: 107-21.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
4.Arriaga, FCavaglia, FMatos-Pires, ALara, EPaiva, T. EEG sleep characteristics in dysthymia and major depressive disorder. Neuropsychobiology 1995; 32: 128-31.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
5.Fabrega, HMezzich, JEMezzich, ACCoffman, GA. Descriptive validity of DSM-III depressions. J Nerv Merit Dis 1986; 174: 573-84.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
6.Feighner, JPRobins, EGuze, SBWoodruff, RAWinokur, GMunoz, R. Diagnostic criteria for use in psychiatric research. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1972; 26: 57-63.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
7.Flick, SNRoy-Byrne, PPCowley, DSShores, MMDunner, DL. DSM-III personality disorders in a mood and anxiety disorders clinic: prevalence, comorbidity, and clinical correlates. J Affect Disord 1993; 27: 71-9.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
8.Gerlsma, CDas, JEmmerlkamp, PMG. Depressed patients’ parental representations: stability across changes in depressed mood and specificity across diagnoses. J Affect Dis 1993; 27: 173-81.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
9.Goodman, DWGoldstein, RBAdams, PB et al. Relationship between dysthymia and major depression: an analysis of family study data. Depression 1994/1995; 2: 252-8.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
10.Hammen, CBurge, DBurney, EAdrian, C. Longitudinal study of diagnoses in children of women with unipolar and bipolar affective disorder. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1990; 47: 1112-17.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
11.Harrington, RFudge, HRutter, M. Adult outcomes of childhood and adolescent depression 1. Psychiatric status. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1990; 47: 465-73.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
12.Hirschfeld, RMAHolzer, CE. Depressive personality disorder: clinical implications. J Clin Psychiatry 1994; 55: 4 suppl: 1017.Google ScholarPubMed
13.Howland, RH. Pharmacotherapy of dysthymia: a review. J Clin Psychopharmacol 1991; 11: 83-91.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
14.Howland, RHThase, ME. Biological studies of dysthymia. Biol Psychiatry 1991; 30: 283-304.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
15.Keller, MBLavori, PW. Double Depression, Major Depression, and Dysthymia: distinct entities or different phases of a single disorder? Psychopharm Bull 1984; 20: 399-402.Google ScholarPubMed
15a.Kessler, RCNelson, CBMcGonagle, KA et al. Comorbidity of DSM-III-R depressive disorder in the general population: results from the US national comorbidity survey. Br J Psychiatry 1996; 168 suppl 30: 1730.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
16.Klein, DNTaylor, EBDickstein, SHarding, K. Primary early-onset dysthymia: comparison with primary nonbipolar nonchronic major depression on demographic, clinical, familial, personality, and socio-environmental characteristics and shortterm outcome. J Abnorm Psychol 1988; 97: 387-98.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
17.Klein, DN. Depressive personality: reliability, validity and relation to dysthymia. J Abnorm Psychol 1990; 99: 412-21.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
17a.Klein, DNMiller, GA. Depressive personality in nonclinical subjects. Am J Psychiatry 1993; 150: 1718-24.Google ScholarPubMed
18.Klein, DNRiso, LPDonaldson, SK et al. Family study of early-onset dysthymia-mood and personality disorders in relatives of outpatients with dysthymia and episodic major depression and normal controls. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1995; 52: 487-96.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
19.Kocsis, JHVoss, CMann, JJFrances, AJ. Chronic depression: demographic and clinical characteristics. Psychopharm Bull 1986; 22: 192-5.Google ScholarPubMed
20.Koenigsberg, HWKaplan, RDGilmore, MMCooper, AM. The relationship between syndrome and personality disorder in DSM-III: experience with 2462 patients. Am J Psychiatry 1985; 142: 207-12.Google ScholarPubMed
21.Kovacs, MAkiskal, HSGatsonis, CParrone, PL. Childhood-onset dysthymic disorder. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1994; 51: 365-74.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
22.Lizardi, HKlein, DNOuimette, PCRiso, LPAnderson, RLDonaldson, SK. Reports of the childhood home environment in early-onset dysthymia and episodic major depression. J Abnorm Psychol 1995; 104: 132-9.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
23.Loranger, AW. Dependent personality disorder. J Nerv Ment Dis 1996; 184: 17-21.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
24.Marin, DBKocsis, JHFrances, AJKlerman, GL. Personality disorders in dysthymia. J Personality Disorders 1993; 7: 223-31.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
25.Markowitz, JCMoran, MEKocsis, JHFrances, AJ. Prevalence and comorbidity of dysthymic disorder among psychiatric out-patients. J Affect Disord 1992; 24: 6371.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
26.Oldham, JMSkodol, AE. Personality disorders in the public sector. Hosp Community Psychiatry 1991; 42: 481-87.Google ScholarPubMed
27.Pepper, CMKlein, DNAnderson, RLRiso, LPOuimette, PCLizardi, H. DSM-III-R Axis II comorbidity in dysthymia and major depression. Am J Psychiatry 1995; 152: 239-47.Google ScholarPubMed
27a.Perry, JP. Depression in borderline personality disorder: lifetime prevalence at interview and logitudinal course of symptoms. Am J Psychiatry 1985; 142: 1521.Google Scholar
28.Pichot, P. Nosological models in psychiatry. Brit J Psychiatry 1994; 164: 232-40.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
29.Robins, EGuze, SB. Establishment of diagnostic validity in psychiatric illness: its application to schizophrenia. Am J Psychiatry 1970; 126: 983-7.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
30.Rosenthal, TLAkiskal, HSScott-Strauss, ARosenthal, RHDavid, M. Familial and developmental factors in characterological depressions. J Affective Dis 1981; 3: 183-92.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
31.Roy, ASutton, MPickar, D. Neuroendocrine and personality variables in dysthymic disorder. Am J Psychiatry 1985; 142: 94-7.Google ScholarPubMed
32.Sanderson, WCWetzler, SBeck, ATBetz, F. Prevalence of personality disorders in patients with major depression and dysthymia. Psychiatry Res 1992; 42: 93-9.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
33.Szadoczky, EFazekas, IRihmer, ZArato, M. The role of psychosocial and biological variables in separating chronic and non-chronic major depression and early-late-onset dysthymia. J Affect Dis 1994; 32: 1-11.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
34.Tyrer, PSeivewright, NFerguson, B et al. The Nottingham Study of Neurotic Disorder: relationship between personality status and symptoms. Psychol Med 1990; 20: 423-31.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
35.Weissman, MMLeaf, PJLivingston Bruce, MFlorio, L.The epidemiology of dysthymia in five communities: rates, risks, comorbidity, and treatment. Am J Psychiatry 1988; 145: 815-19.Google ScholarPubMed
36.Wittchen, HUZhao, SKessler, RCEaton, WW. DSM-III-R Generalized Anxiety Disorder in the National Comorbidity Survey. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1994; 51: 355-64.Google ScholarPubMed
37.Zimmerman, MCoryell, W. DSM-III personality disorder diagnoses in a nonpatient sample. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1989; 46: 682-9.CrossRefGoogle Scholar