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Trastorno obsesivo compulsivo: influencia de la edad de inicio en el tipo de enfermedades coexistentes

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 May 2020

María Alice de Mathisad ,
María Conceição do Rosarioa ,
Juliana Belo Diniz ,
Albina Rodrigues Torres ,
Roseli Gedanki Shavitt ,
Ygor Arzeno Ferrão ,
Victor Fossaluza ,
Carlos Alberto de Bragança Pereira  and
Eurípedes Constantino Migue
María Alice de Mathisad
Affiliation:
Departamento de Psiquiatría, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Sao Paulo, Rua Dr. Ovídio Pires de Campos, 785, 05403-010Sao Paulo, SP, Brasil Consorcio Brasileño del Trastorno Obsesivo Compulsivo (C-TOC)
María Conceição do Rosarioa
Affiliation:
Departamento de Psiquiatría, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Sao Paulo, Rua Dr. Ovídio Pires de Campos, 785, 05403-010Sao Paulo, SP, Brasil Consorcio Brasileño del Trastorno Obsesivo Compulsivo (C-TOC) Departamento de Psiquiatría, Universidad Federal de Sao Paulo, Brasil
Juliana Belo Diniz
Affiliation:
Departamento de Psiquiatría, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Sao Paulo, Rua Dr. Ovídio Pires de Campos, 785, 05403-010Sao Paulo, SP, Brasil Consorcio Brasileño del Trastorno Obsesivo Compulsivo (C-TOC)
Albina Rodrigues Torres
Affiliation:
Departamento de Neurología y Psiquiatría, Facultad de Medicina Botucatu, Brasil Consorcio Brasileño del Trastorno Obsesivo Compulsivo (C-TOC)
Roseli Gedanki Shavitt
Affiliation:
Departamento de Psiquiatría, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Sao Paulo, Rua Dr. Ovídio Pires de Campos, 785, 05403-010Sao Paulo, SP, Brasil Consorcio Brasileño del Trastorno Obsesivo Compulsivo (C-TOC)
Ygor Arzeno Ferrão
Affiliation:
Centro Universitario Instituto Porto Alegre, Brasil Consorcio Brasileño del Trastorno Obsesivo Compulsivo (C-TOC)
Victor Fossaluza
Affiliation:
Departamento de Psiquiatría, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Sao Paulo, Rua Dr. Ovídio Pires de Campos, 785, 05403-010Sao Paulo, SP, Brasil Instituto de Matemáticas y Estadística de Brasil, Universidad de Sao Paulo, Brasil
Carlos Alberto de Bragança Pereira
Affiliation:
Instituto de Matemáticas y Estadística de Brasil, Universidad de Sao Paulo, Brasil
Eurípedes Constantino Migue
Affiliation:
Departamento de Psiquiatría, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Sao Paulo, Rua Dr. Ovídio Pires de Campos, 785, 05403-010Sao Paulo, SP, Brasil Consorcio Brasileño del Trastorno Obsesivo Compulsivo (C-TOC)
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Resumen

Objetivo

En este estudio se investiga la influencia de la edad de inicio de los síntomas obsesivos-compulsivos (SOC) sobre las enfermedades psiquiátricas coexistentes, y trata de establecer un valor de corte para la edad de inicio.

Métodos

Trescientos treinta pacientes con TOC se seleccionaron y entrevistaron consecutivamente usando las siguientes entrevistas estructuradas: Escala Obsesiva Compulsiva Yale-Brown; Escala Global de Gravedad de Tics de Yale y Entrevista Clínica Estructurada del DSM-IV. Los datos se analizaron por análisis en racimo y de regresión.

Resultados

La edad menor de inicio de la enfermedad se asoció con una mayor probabilidad de coexistencia de trastornos de tics, ansiedad, somatomorfo, de la alimentación y del control de impulsos. La mayor duración de la enfermedad se asoció con menos posibilidades de tener tics. El sexo femenino se asoció con trastornos de ansiedad, de la alimentación y del control de impulsos. Los trastornos de tics se asociaron con trastornos de ansiedad y trastorno de déficit de atención/hiperactividad (TDAH). No se encontró ningún valor de corte de la edad de inicio de la enfermedad para dividir claramente la muestra en subgrupos homogéneos. Sin embargo, los análisis en racimo revelaron que comenzaban a surgir diferencias a los 10 años y eran más pronunciadas a los 17 años, lo que indica que éstos son los mejores valores de corte de esta muestra.

Conclusiones

En pacientes con TOC, la edad de inicio se asocia con patrones específicos de enfermedades coexistentes. Las diferencias más notables se obtienen analizando la edad de inicio como valor absoluto.

Keywords

Trastorno obsesivo compulsivoEdad de inicioEnfermedad coexistenteInicio precozInicio tardío
Type
Artículo original
Information
European Psychiatry (Ed. Española) , Volume 15 , Issue 6 , September 2008 , pp. 290 - 297
Copyright
Copyright © European Psychiatric Association 2008

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References

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