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Terapia a largo plazo del trastorno de ansiedad generalizada

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 May 2020

F. Rouillon
F. Rouillon*
Affiliation:
Departamento de Psiquiatría, Hospital Albert Chenevier, 40, rué de Mesly, 94010Creteil, Francia
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Resumen

El trastorno de ansiedad generalizada (TAG) es una alteración común (prevalencia vital: 5,1%) recurrente que anuncia a menudo otros trastornos psiquiátricos, notablemente la depresión. Como, por definición, es un trastorno que progresa durante meses, el tratamiento se debe diseñar a largo plazo. Y, sin embargo, se han realizado pocos estudios más allá de las 6-8 semanas clásicas que caracterizan la fase de tratamiento agudo. Esto es especialmente cierto de los ansiolíticos, pero también de los antidepresivos, con excepción de la paroxetina y la venlafaxina, que son los únicos medicamentos aprobados en esta indicación en los países occidentales. La eficacia de la psicoterapia, notablemente la relajación y la terapia cognitivo-conductual, está establecida en el tratamiento del TAG, pero sus indicaciones preferidas y posible combinación con los antidepresivos están aún por especificar. Se necesitarán todavía estudios a largo plazo, por no decir a muy largo plazo, del TAG, lo mismo que de la depresión, en el futuro para mejorar su tratamiento y especificar las modalidades terapéuticas (tratamiento de combinación, duración óptima, terapia continua o intermitente, elección de técnicas o agentes psicoterapéuticos…). El tratamiento temprano y adecuadamente prolongado no sólo debe conducir a periodos de remisión más numerosos, sino también a una disminución de la frecuencia de las comorbilidades, sean depresivas, adictivas o de otra naturaleza, y debe reducir también el impacto social del TAG.

Keywords

TAGFarmacoterapiaTratamiento psicosocialLargo plazo
Type
Artículo original
Information
European Psychiatry (Ed. Española) , Volume 11 , Issue 4 , May 2004 , pp. 247 - 252
Copyright
Copyright © European Psychiatric Association 2004

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