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Evolución de los pacientes en la esquizofrenia I: correlatos con variables sociodemográficas, manifestaciones psicopatológicas y efectos secundarios

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 May 2020

Alex Hofer ,
Susanne Baumgartner ,
Monika Edlinger ,
Martina Hummer ,
Georg Kemmler ,
Maria A. Rettenbacher ,
Hansjoerg Schweigkofler ,
Josef Schwitzer  and
W. Wolfgang Fleischhacker
Alex Hofer
Affiliation:
Departamento de Psiquiatría Biológica, Universidad Médica de Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, A-6020Innsbruck, Austria
Susanne Baumgartner
Affiliation:
Departamento de Psiquiatría Biológica, Universidad Médica de Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, A-6020Innsbruck, Austria
Monika Edlinger
Affiliation:
Departamento de Psiquiatría General, Hospital General Bressanone, Bressanone, Italia
Martina Hummer
Affiliation:
Departamento de Psiquiatría Biológica, Universidad Médica de Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, A-6020Innsbruck, Austria
Georg Kemmler
Affiliation:
Departamento de Psiquiatría Biológica, Universidad Médica de Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, A-6020Innsbruck, Austria
Maria A. Rettenbacher
Affiliation:
Departamento de Psiquiatría Biológica, Universidad Médica de Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, A-6020Innsbruck, Austria
Hansjoerg Schweigkofler
Affiliation:
Departamento de Psiquiatría General, Hospital General Bressanone, Bressanone, Italia
Josef Schwitzer
Affiliation:
Departamento de Psiquiatría General, Hospital General Bressanone, Bressanone, Italia
W. Wolfgang Fleischhacker
Affiliation:
Departamento de Psiquiatría Biológica, Universidad Médica de Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, A-6020Innsbruck, Austria
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Resumen

Objetivo

El presente estudio transversal examinó las relaciones de las manifestaciones psicopatológicas, los efectos secundarios y los factores sociodemográficos con el resultado del tratamiento desde el punto de vista de la calidad de vida (CdV), el funcionamiento y las necesidades de asistencia de los pacientes.

Métodos

Se estudió a 60 pacientes ambulatorios con esquizofrenia crónica que habían tenido tratamiento con clozapina u olanzapina durante 6 meses al menos.

Resultados

La mayoría de los síntomas psicopatológicos, igual que los efectos secundarios psíquicos, el aumento de peso y el sexo femenino se asociaban con una CdV más baja, mientras que los síntomas cognitivos correlacionaban con una CdV mejor. El sexo femenino, los síntomas cognitivos y el parkinsonismo influían negativamente en el funcionamiento ocupacional, y los síntomas negativos determinaban una menor probabilidad de vida independiente. La edad, el nivel educativo, la depresión/ansiedad, los síntomas negativos y los efectos secundarios psíquicos eran predictores de las necesidades de asistencia de los pacientes.

Conclusión

Nuestros resultados destacan la naturaleza compleja de la evolución del paciente en la esquizofrenia y ponen de nuevo el énfasis en la necesidad de centrarse en la eficacia, es decir, en la mejoría de los síntomas y además la seguridad farmacológica, en estos pacientes.

Keywords

EsquizofreniaEvoluciónNecesidadesCalidad de vidaEmpleo
Type
Artículo Original
Information
European Psychiatry (Ed. Española) , Volume 13 , Issue 2 , March 2006 , pp. 77 - 85
Copyright
Copyright © European Psychiatric Association 2006

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