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El síndrome deficitario en la esquizofrenia: implicaciones para el tratamiento de los síntomas negativos

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 May 2020

C. Arango ,
R.W. Buchanan ,
B. Kirkpatrick  and
W.T. Carpenter
C. Arango
Affiliation:
Servicio de Psiquiatría, Hospital General “Gregorio Marañón”, C/Ibiza 43, 28079Madrid, España
R.W. Buchanan
Affiliation:
Servicio de Psiquiatría, Hospital General “Gregorio Marañón”, C/Ibiza 43, 28079Madrid, España
B. Kirkpatrick
Affiliation:
Servicio de Psiquiatría, Hospital General “Gregorio Marañón”, C/Ibiza 43, 28079Madrid, España
W.T. Carpenter
Affiliation:
Servicio de Psiquiatría, Hospital General “Gregorio Marañón”, C/Ibiza 43, 28079Madrid, España
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Resumen

Las manifestaciones psicopatológicas de la esquizofrenia se agrupan en tomo a varios dominios de síntomas. Uno de estos dominios son los síntomas negativos. Hemos definido el síndrome deficitario como una entidad patológica caracterizada por la presencia de síntomas negativos duraderos primarios. Un enfoque en lo s síntomas negativos primarios demuestra que los subgrupos de esquizofrenia deficitaria y no deficitaria difieren en los rasgos clínicos, los hallazgos de imágenes neurales asociadas, las medidas neuropsicológicas y neurológicas, el patrón de factores de riesgo y los perfiles de respuesta farmacológica. En el presente artículo, nos centramos en la importancia de la distinción entre los síntomas negativos primarios y secundarios para la investigación fisiopatológica. El desarrollo y comprensión mecanicista de fármacos contra los síntomas negativos puede ser informativo con respecto a la fisiopatología de los síntomas negativos primarios. Aunque los nuevos antipsicóticos son efectivos para los síntomas negativos secundarios, no han mostrado eficacia para el síndrome deficitario y parece que se requieren nuevos mecanismos de acción farmacológica para estudiar este aspecto del síndrome patológico. La pérdida de experiencias humanas inapreciables y la asociación con mala evolución funcional a largo plazo justifica un esfuerzo enfocado y dedicado a descubrir las causas y los tratamientos de este aspecto distintivo de la esquizofrenia.

Type
Artículo original
Information
European Psychiatry (Ed. Española) , Volume 11 , Issue 4 , May 2004 , pp. 219 - 224
Copyright
Copyright © European Psychiatric Association 2004

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