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Factores de riesgo de la depresión mayor en los ancianos

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 May 2020

Reinhard Heun  and
Sandra Hein
Reinhard Heun
Affiliation:
Departamento de Psiquiatría, Universidad de Bonn, Venusberg, 53105Bonn, Alemania
Sandra Hein
Affiliation:
Departamento de Psiquiatría, Universidad de Bonn, Venusberg, 53105Bonn, Alemania
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Resumen

Antecedentes.

Se ha identificado varios factores de riesgo de la depresión en estudios retrospectivos así como en algunos prospectivos en ancianos. Se necesita confirmación en muestras independientes. El presente estudio de seguimiento investigó prospectivamente los factores de riesgo de la depresión en una muestra alemana de ancianos.

Métodos.

Se estudió de nuevo a 1.431 sujetos procedentes de un estudio familiar después de 4,7 ± 2,5 años. Se utilizaron análisis de regresión logística hacia delante bivariantes y multivariantes para identificar los factores de riesgo del desarrollo de una nueva depresión en los ancianos.

Resultados.

Los factores de riesgo de un nuevo episodio depresivo en 1.408 ancianos sin depresión actual fueron la edad, el género femenino, una depresión anterior, el deterioro subjetivo de la memoria, la ansiedad previa y los trastornos somatomorfos. La presencia de demencia o deterioro cognitivo leve fue un factor de riesgo significativo en el análisis bivariante, pero no en el multivariante, controlando las posibles variables de confusión. Los factores de riesgo de un primer episodio depresivo geriátrico fueron la edad, el género y el deterioro subjetivo de la memoria; la edad fue el único factor de riesgo significativo en el análisis multivariante.

Conclusiones.

Esta investigatión confirma estudios anteriores de otros países referentes a la pertinencia de los factores de riesgo para la depresión en los ancianos. El conocimiento de los factores de riesgo podría ayudar a identificar a los sujetos con aumento del riesgo de depresión para enfoques de interventión temprana. Los ancianos con antecedentes de depresión tienen el riesgo más alto.

Keywords

Depresión mayorFactores de riesgoAncianosDeterioro de la memoriaDemencia
Type
Artículo original
Information
European Psychiatry (Ed. Española) , Volume 12 , Issue 6 , September 2005 , pp. 323 - 329
Copyright
Copyright © European Psychiatric Association 2005

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