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Episodios depresivos: ¿hay datos para un rol causal de los trastornos de ansiedad primarios?

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 May 2020

Hans-Ulrich Wittchen ,
Katja Beesdo ,
Antje Bittner  and
Renee D. Goodwin
Hans-Ulrich Wittchen
Affiliation:
Instituto de Psicología Clínica y Psicoterapia, Universidad de Dresde de Tecnología, Dresde, Alemania Instituto Max Planck de Psiquiatría, Munich, Alemania
Katja Beesdo
Affiliation:
Instituto de Psicología Clínica y Psicoterapia, Universidad de Dresde de Tecnología, Dresde, Alemania
Antje Bittner
Affiliation:
Instituto de Psicología Clínica y Psicoterapia, Universidad de Dresde de Tecnología, Dresde, Alemania
Renee D. Goodwin
Affiliation:
Departamento de Epidemiología, Universidad de Columbio, Escuela Mailman de Salud Pública, Nueva Cork, EEUU
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Resumen

Los trastornos de ansiedad y depresivos son trastornos mentales comunes en la población general que imponen una carga tremenda tanto a las personas afectadas como a la sociedad. Además, la comorbilidad entre los trastornos de ansiedad y los depresivos es alta, lo que lleva a una discapacidad y un deterioro funcional sustanciales. Los hallazgos indican de modo uniforme que los trastornos de ansiedad son primarios a la depresión en la mayoría de los casos comórbidos. Sin embargo, la cuestión de si los trastornos de ansiedad son factores de riesgo para la depresión, y potencialmente incluso factores de riesgo causales para el primer comienzo de depresión, continúa sin resolver. Resultados recientes han mostrado que los trastornos de ansiedad aumentan el riesgo de depresión posterior, y afectan también al curso de la depresión, lo que se traduce en un pronóstico peor. Además, algunos resultados indican una relación dosis-respuesta al revelar que un número más alto de trastornos de ansiedad y un deterioro más importante asociado con los trastornos de ansiedad aumentan más el riesgo de depresión posterior. La meta de este artículo es revisar las publicaciones recientes, resumir las implicaciones de los hallazgos anteriores e indicar direcciones para la investigación futura con respecto a estrategias preventivas y de intervención.

Keywords

AnsiedadDepresiónComorbilidadFactor de riesgo
Type
Artículo original
Information
European Psychiatry (Ed. Española) , Volume 11 , Issue 2 , March 2004 , pp. 84 - 93
Copyright
Copyright © European Psychiatric Association 2004

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