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Early Farming in Finland: Was there Cultivation before the Iron Age (500 BC)?

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  25 January 2017

Maria Lahtinen  and
Peter Rowley-Conwy
Maria Lahtinen*
Affiliation:
Department of Archaeology, Durham University, UK
Peter Rowley-Conwy*
Affiliation:
Department of Archaeology, Durham University, UK
*
[email: [email protected]]
[email: [email protected]]
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Abstract

We review the evidence for the earliest agriculture in Finland. The claims are all based on pollen analysis. Some claims go back to the Neolithic period. We contest these claims critically and argue that the ‘early cereal-type’ pollen grains may in fact come from large-grained wild grasses, and cannot be taken as clear evidence for cultivation in the absence of other lines of evidence. Cultivation of cereals in Finland may have started as late as the start of the Iron Age in c. 500 BC.

Nous réexaminons les preuves des débuts de l'agriculture en Finlande. Toutes les assertions se fondent sur des analyses polliniques; quelques-unes remontent jusqu’à la période néolithique. Nous évaluons de façon critique ces affirmations et avançons que les grains de pollen de type ‘céréales anciennes’ pourraient très bien provenir d'herbes sauvages à gros grains, et, en l'absence d'autres preuves, ne sauront pas servir comme preuves évidentes pour la culture de céréales. Il se peut que la culture des céréales en Finlande n'ait commencé qu'au début de l'Âge du Fer vers 500 BC. Translation by Isabelle Gerges.

Zusammenfassung

Zusammenfassung

In diesem Beitrag werden die frühesten Belege für Landwirtschaft in Finnland untersucht, die sämtlich auf Pollenanalysen beruhen und teilweise sogar Datierungen bis ins Neolithikum beanspruchen. Diese Ansätze werden kritisch untersucht und es wird vermutet, dass diese Pollenkörner ‘früher Cerealientypen’ eigentlich von langkörnigen Wildgräsern stammen und bei Abwesenheit anderer Belege nicht als klarer Beweis einer Kultivierung angesehen werden können. Die Kultivierung von Getreide wird erst zu einem späten Zeitpunkt, dem Beginn der Eisenzeit um etwa 500 v. Chr., begonnen haben. Translation by Heiner Schwarzberg.

Keywords

farmingcultivationcerealpollenFinlandIron AgeNeolithicBronze AgeagricultureculturecéréalespollenFinlandeÂge du FerNéolithiqueÂge du BronzeLandwirtschaftKultivierungGetreidePollenFinnlandEisenzeitNeolithikumBronzezeit
Type
Articles
Information
European Journal of Archaeology , Volume 16 , Issue 4 , 2013 , pp. 660 - 684
Copyright
Copyright © European Association of Archaeologists 2013 

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