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Copper Use, Cultural Change and Neolithization in North-Eastern Europe (c. 5500–1800 BC)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  25 January 2017

Kerkko Nordqvist  and
Vesa-Pekka Herva
Kerkko Nordqvist*
Affiliation:
Archaeology/Department of Philosophy, History, Culture and Art Studies, University of Helsinki, Finland
Vesa-Pekka Herva*
Affiliation:
Heritage Studies/Department of Philosophy, History, Culture and Art Studies, University of Helsinki, Finland
*
(email: [email protected])
(email: [email protected])
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Abstract

In the context of northern Europe, copper use started early in eastern Fennoscandia (Finland and the Republic of Karelia, Russia), sometime after 4000 BC. This article explores this Stone Age copper use in eastern Fennoscandia in relation to broader cultural developments in the region between the adoption of pottery (c. 5500 BC) and the end of the Stone Age (c. 1800 BC). Stone Age copper use in north-eastern Europe has conventionally been understood in terms of technology or exchange, whereas this article suggests that the beginning of copper use was linked to more fundamental changes in the perception of, and engagement with, the material world. These changes were associated with the Neolithization of eastern Fennoscandia, which started earlier than has traditionally been thought. It is also argued that the adoption, use, and manipulation of new materials played an active role in the emergence of the Neolithic world in north-eastern Europe and beyond. Also, issues related to the Finno–Russian border dividing up eastern Fennoscandia and its effects on the study of early metal use and other prehistoric cultural processes are discussed.

Dans le contexte nord-européen, l'utilisation du cuivre débutait tôt, peu après 4000 BC, en Fennoscandie orientale (Finlande et République de Carélie, Russie). Nous étudions ici l'utilisation du cuivre pendant l'Âge de la Pierre en Fennoscandie orientale par rapport aux développements culturels plus vastes dans cette région entre l'adoption de la poterie (c. 5500 BC) et la fin de l'Âge de la Pierre (c. 1800 BC). L'utilisation du cuivre en Europe du Nord-est pendant l'Âge de la Pierre a généralement été considérée dans un contexte technologique ou d'échange, tandis que cet article suggère que le début de l'utilisation du cuivre était lié à des changements plus fondamentaux dans la perception du, et l'engagement avec, le monde matériel. Ces changements sont associés à la néolithisation de la Fennoscandie orientale, qui a commencé plus tôt que traditionnellement présumé. De plus on affirme que l'adoption, l'utilisation et la manipulation de nouveaux matériaux ont joué un rôle actif dans l'émergence du monde néolithique en Europe du Nord-est et au-delà. Translation by Isabelle Gerges.

Zusammenfassung

Zusammenfassung

Im nordeuropäischen Kontext begann die Kupfernutzung im östlichen Fennoskandinavien (heutiges Finnland und Republik Karelien, Russische Föderation) mit einem zeitlichen Ansatz kurz nach 4000 BC recht früh. Dieser Artikel untersucht diese steinzeitliche Kupfernutzung im östlichen Fennoskandinavien in Relation zu den weiteren kulturelleren Entwicklungen in dieser Region zwischen dem Beginn der Keramikverwendung um 5500 BC und dem Ende der Jungsteinzeit um 1800 v. Chr. Steinzeitliche Kupfernutzung ist gemeinhin in Bezug auf Fragen der Technologie und des Austausches verstanden worden, wogegen dieser Beitrag nahe legt, dass der Beginn der Verwendung von Kupfer mit fundamentaleren Veränderungen in der Wahrnehmung von bzw. der Verflechtung mit der materiellen Welt verbunden war. Diese Änderungen waren mit der Neolithisierung des östlichen Fennoskandinaviens verbunden, die früher als traditionell angenommen begann. Es wird weiterhin behauptet, dass die Einführung, Nutzung und Manipulation neuer Materialien eine aktive Rolle in der Entstehung der neolithischen Welt in Nordosteuropa und darüber hinaus spielten. Translation by Heiner Schwarzberg.

Keywords

copperearly metal usepotteryNeolithizationmaterial cultureresearch historyFinlandKareliacuivrepoterienéolithisationFinlandeCarélieKupferKeramikNeolithisierungFinnlandKarelien
Type
Articles
Information
European Journal of Archaeology , Volume 16 , Issue 3 , 2013 , pp. 401 - 432
Copyright
Copyright © European Association of Archaeologists 2013 

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