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Moderate hypothermia, but not calpain inhibitor 2, attenuates the proteolysis of microtubule-associated protein 2 in the hippocampus following traumatic brain injury in rats

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  13 April 2005

Y. Haranishi ,
R. Kawata ,
S. Fukuda ,
T. Kiyoshima ,
Y. Morimoto ,
M. Matsumoto  and
T. Sakabe
Y. Haranishi
Affiliation:
Yamaguchi University School of Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology-Resuscitology, Yamaguchi, Japan
R. Kawata
Affiliation:
Yamaguchi University School of Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology-Resuscitology, Yamaguchi, Japan
S. Fukuda
Affiliation:
Yamaguchi University School of Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology-Resuscitology, Yamaguchi, Japan
T. Kiyoshima
Affiliation:
Yamaguchi University School of Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology-Resuscitology, Yamaguchi, Japan
Y. Morimoto
Affiliation:
Yamaguchi University School of Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology-Resuscitology, Yamaguchi, Japan
M. Matsumoto
Affiliation:
Yamaguchi University School of Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology-Resuscitology, Yamaguchi, Japan
T. Sakabe
Affiliation:
Yamaguchi University School of Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology-Resuscitology, Yamaguchi, Japan
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Abstract

Summary

Background and objective: The degradation of the cytoskeletal protein microtubule-associated protein 2 (MAP2), by calpain has been known to occur following traumatic brain injury. We examined the therapeutic potential of calpain inhibitor 2, compared with that of moderate hypothermia in traumatic brain injury produced by weight drop in rats.

Methods: An inhibitor treated group (n = 8) received calpain inhibitor 2 intravenously (i.v.) for 5 min before and for 6 h after injury (total 2 μmol); a hypothermic (HT) group (n = 8) was maintained at 30°C (temporalis muscle temperature) for 45 min prior to and 60 min after injury; an untreated (UT) group (n = 8) received an infusion of inactive vehicle. Eight rats (sham group) underwent surgery without brain injury. Histopathological (haematoxylin and eosin staining) and MAP2 (immunohistchemistry and western blotting) evaluations were performed at 6 h after injury.

Results: Ipsilateral cortical damage was marked in the injured groups. In the hippocampus, marked pyramidal neuronal damage was observed in the UT and calpain inhibitor treated (CI) groups, while these neurons were better preserved in the HT group. The hippocampal MAP2 levels in the UT, CI and HT groups were significantly decreased to 13 ± 9%, 28 ± 33% and 62 ± 25% of the sham control, respectively. MAP2 concentration in the HT group was significantly higher than in UT and CI groups (P < 0.05).

Conclusion: The results suggest that moderate hypothermia, but not calpain inhibitor 2 with the tested regime, attenuates cytoskeletal damage in the ipsilateral hippocampus at 6 h after traumatic brain injury.

Keywords

BRAIN INJURIES, traumatic, acute, neuroprotectionCALPAIN INHIBITORSHYPOTHERMIA
Type
Original Article
Information
European Journal of Anaesthesiology , Volume 22 , Issue 2 , February 2005 , pp. 140 - 147
Copyright
2005 European Society of Anaesthesiology

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