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Effects of different anaesthetic agents on immune cell function in vitro

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 July 2005

C. E. Schneemilch ,
T. Hachenberg ,
S. Ansorge ,
A. Ittenson  and
U. Bank
C. E. Schneemilch
Affiliation:
Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Magdeburg, Germany
T. Hachenberg
Affiliation:
Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Magdeburg, Germany
S. Ansorge
Affiliation:
Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Institute of Medical Technology, Magdeburg, Germany
A. Ittenson
Affiliation:
Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Institute of Medical Technology, Magdeburg, Germany
U. Bank
Affiliation:
Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Institute of Immunology, Magdeburg, Germany
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Extract

Summary

Background and objective: Anaesthesia may affect the regulatory balance of postoperative immune response. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of different volatile and non-volatile anaesthetic agents and particularly of clinically used agent combinations on the proliferation capacity and cytokine production of immune cells. Methods: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from healthy donors were PHA-activated in the presence or absence of various concentrations of thiopental, propofol, fentanyl, sufentanil, sevoflurane, nitrous oxide and combinations of these anaesthetics. Cell proliferation was assessed by tritiated thymidine uptake. Interleukin-2 production and release of the soluble IL-2 receptor were determined by enzyme immunoassays and used as measures of lymphocyte activation. Results: Thiopental inhibited cell proliferation in a dose dependent manner (P < 0.001) and reduced sIL-2R release (2090–970 pg mL−1; P < 0.05). Propofol reduced sIL-2R release at the high concentration of 10 μg mL−1 (2220 pg mL−1–1780 μg mL−1; P < 0.05). Fentanyl and sufentanil did not compensate for or enhance the inhibitory effects of thiopental. Nitrous oxide, but not sevoflurane, reduced the proliferation of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (P < 0.05). In combinations with thiopental or nitrous oxide, sevoflurane compensated the inhibitory effects of these two agents. Fentanyl, sufentanil, sevoflurane and nitrous oxide did not affect PHA-induced IL-2 and sIL-2 receptor release by human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Conclusion: Thiopental and nitrous oxide have immunosuppressive activity. In contrast, sevoflurane may have a beneficial effect by alleviating the immunosuppressive effects of both substances.

Keywords

ANAESTHETICS INTRAVENOUS, propofol, thiopentalANALGESICS OPIOID, fentanyl, sufentanilANAESTHETICS INHALATIONAL, sevoflurane, nitrous oxideCELL PROLIFERATION, human mononuclearLYMPHOCYTE ACTIVATIONCYTOKINES
Type
Original Article
Information
European Journal of Anaesthesiology , Volume 22 , Issue 8 , August 2005 , pp. 616 - 623
Copyright
© 2005 European Society of Anaesthesiology

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