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Acute moderate hyponatraemia and its rapid correction: effects on striatal and pontine ultrastructure in an animal model of the TURP syndrome

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  23 December 2004

S. Reuss ,
K. Bürger ,
H. Claus ,
T. Reinhardt ,
U. Disque-Kaiser ,
A. L. Depta ,
M. David  and
H. W. Gervais
S. Reuss
Affiliation:
Johannes Gutenberg-University, Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Mainz, Germany
K. Bürger
Affiliation:
Johannes Gutenberg-University, Department of Anaesthesiology, School of Medicine, Mainz, Germany
H. Claus
Affiliation:
Johannes Gutenberg-University, Department of Anaesthesiology, School of Medicine, Mainz, Germany
T. Reinhardt
Affiliation:
Johannes Gutenberg-University, Department of Anaesthesiology, School of Medicine, Mainz, Germany
U. Disque-Kaiser
Affiliation:
Johannes Gutenberg-University, Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Mainz, Germany
A. L. Depta
Affiliation:
Johannes Gutenberg-University, Department of Anaesthesiology, School of Medicine, Mainz, Germany
M. David
Affiliation:
Johannes Gutenberg-University, Department of Anaesthesiology, School of Medicine, Mainz, Germany
H. W. Gervais
Affiliation:
Johannes Gutenberg-University, Department of Anaesthesiology, School of Medicine, Mainz, Germany
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Abstract

Summary

Background and objective: To investigate the effects of moderate hyponatraemia, induced by intravenous application of an electrolyte-free irrigation fluid, as a model of the human transurethral prostate resection syndrome and of its rapid correction by hypertonic saline infusion in rats.

Methods: Experimental animals received irrigation fluid (Purisole SM®) 20 mL kg−1 body weight, intravenously. In one group, hyponatraemia was subsequently rapidly corrected by infusion of hypertonic saline (NaCl 5.85%), while rats of group two were ‘sham-corrected’ by infusion of a balanced salt crystalloid solution. Plasma sodium concentrations were analysed during and at the end of the experiments. After 10 days, experimental and untreated control animals were killed humanely, fixed by perfusion and the brains were prepared for electron microscopic investigation of myelin sheets and glial cell numbers in the striatum and pons.

Results: The myelin appearance was unaltered in experimental groups compared to controls, but glial cell numbers were distinctly altered in the pons but not in the striatum. In the pons, oligodendrocytes were significantly reduced in number upon rapid correction of hyponatraemia, while astrocyte numbers were increased in rats with uncorrected hyponatraemia.

Conclusions: Our electron microscopic data demonstrate that the effects of hyponatraemia and of its rapid correction are multifarious in animals. This may also apply for human patients during transurethral prostate resection.

Keywords

ANALYSIS, blood, sodiumBRAIN DISEASES, metabolic, myelinolysis, central pontineNERVOUS SYSTEM, neurogliaRATS
Type
Original Article
Information
European Journal of Anaesthesiology , Volume 21 , Issue 3 , March 2004 , pp. 231 - 236
Copyright
2004 European Society of Anaesthesiology

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