The Nordic countries have traditionally cooperated in different legislative areas, although lately to a lesser extent. The experience with Nordic company law development illustrates particularly well the problems related to harmonisation. Although the difficulties were alleviated by the fact that the harmonisation programme took place on a small scale, with few countries involved and with large similarities in the cultural, social and political environment, many goals could not be achieved. The EU, with its current 28 Member States and their differences, in similar respects, has faced and will continue to face far greater problems. The Nordic countries, and knowledge of their history in this respect, can provide some guidelines for possible solutions regarding harmonisation.

Despite the cooperation in company law, the Scandinavian countries have adopted different regulatory strategies because of political and other factors. Significant differences can be seen in the extent and type of regulation used, but also between countries that use one law for regulating companies and those that use, or have used, separate laws for the regulation of private and public companies. Small company regulation is a highly topical issue in view of the Commission proposal for the SPE.

In conclusion, knowledge of the Nordic countries and their history in harmonisation and small company regulation can provide valuable information for possible solutions.