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⁴ The Nature and Destiny of Man: A Christian Interpretation, 2 vols. (New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1949), vol. 2, 284.Google Scholar Based on his Gifford Lectures at the University of Edinburgh in the spring and fall of 1939, this is Niebuhr's most systematic and defining work.

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²⁵ Oxford Lectures in Poetry (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1950), 70.Google Scholar For a more thorough discussion of this notion see Brint, Michael, Tragedy and Denial: The Politics of Difference in Western Political Thought (Boulder: Westview Press, 1991), 69Google Scholar.

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³⁴ Quoted in Bennett, John C., “Reinhold Niebuhr's Social Ethic: The Later Years,” Christianity and Crisis 42 (April 12, 1982), 93Google Scholar. See also James F. Childress, “Niebuhr's Realistic-Pragmatic Approach to War and ‘the Nuclear Dilemma,’” in Harries, Richard, ed., Reinhold Niebuhr and the Issues of Our Time (London: Mowbray, 1986), 122–56Google Scholar.

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³⁸ By the late 1950s Niebuhr had begun to question on prudential grounds the wisdom of expanding the United States' nuclear arsenal. In a perhaps telling moment he noted that “the uniqueness of this development probably can only be explained by the fact that economic power is more readily transmuted into military power than into political power.” See The Structure of Nations and Empires, 295.Google Scholar

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