The Ergodic Theory and Dynamical Systems journal pays tribute to V. A. Rokhlin, one of the founders of ergodic theory, a world-renowned topologist and geometer, and a man of tragic fate and exceptional courage. Rokhlin's mathematical heritage splits rather sharply into the ergodic theory – measure theory and topology – geometry parts. This fact has to do with a natural evolution of his interests but also with the keen sense of style in mathematics that Rokhlin possessed to an unusual degree. Naturally, we will concentrate on Rokhlin's contributions to ergodic theory and measure theory, his influence on other mathematicians working in those fields, and the development of some of his ideas. Fortunately, the topology part of Rokhlin's heritage has been superbly presented in Part I of the book ‘A la recherche de la topologie perdue’ published by Birkhaüser in Progress in Mathematics series (v. 62, 1986). The same cannot be said about the work on real algebraic geometry, Rokhlin's last big achievement. The impact of that work, carried out by his students, however, is very much felt now, and is very unlikely to be forgotten or neglected. On the other hand, his work in ergodic theory and measure theory, was restricted primarily to two relatively short time periods, 1947–1950 and 1959–1964, and for the most part was not followed by Rokhlin's immediate students. Hence, it runs a certain risk of being underestimated. We hope that the articles by A. Vershik; S. Yuzvinsky and B: Weiss, published in this issue, will put Rokhlin's work and his influence in ergodic theory into the right perspective.