Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-dsjbd Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-28T03:11:14.772Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Natural invariant measures, divergence points and dimension in one-dimensional holomorphic dynamics

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 August 2009

WILLIAM INGLE
Affiliation:
Department of Mathematics, Wichita State University, Wichita, KS 67260, USA (email: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected])
JACIE KAUFMANN
Affiliation:
Department of Mathematics, Wichita State University, Wichita, KS 67260, USA (email: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected])
CHRISTIAN WOLF
Affiliation:
Department of Mathematics, Wichita State University, Wichita, KS 67260, USA (email: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected])

Abstract

In this paper we discuss the dimension-theoretical properties of rational maps on the Riemann sphere. In particular, we study the existence and uniqueness of generalized physical measures for several classes of maps including hyperbolic, parabolic, non-recurrent and topological Collet–Eckmann maps. These measures have the property that their typical points have maximal Hausdorff dimension. On the other hand, we prove that the set of divergence points (the set of points which are non-typical for any invariant measure) also has maximal Hausdorff dimension. Finally, we prove that if (fa)a is a holomorphic family of stable rational maps, then the dimension d(fa) is a continuous and plurisubharmonic function of the parameter a. In particular, d(f) varies continuously and plurisubharmonically on an open and dense subset of Ratd, the space of all rational maps with degree d≥2.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2009

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

[1]Ahlfors, L.. Lectures on Quasiconformal Mappings. Van Nostrand, New York, 1966.Google Scholar
[2]Barreira, L. and Schmeling, J.. Sets of ‘non-typical’ points have full topological entropy and full Hausdorff dimension. Israel J. Math. 116 (2000), 2970.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[3]Bowen, R.. Hausdorff dimension of quasicircles. Inst. Hautes Études Sci. Publ. Math. (50) (1979), 1125.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[4]Bowen, R.. Topological entropy for noncompact sets. Trans. Amer. Math. Soc. 184 (1973), 125136.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[5]Bers, L. and Royden, H. L.. Holomorphic families of injections. Acta Math. 157(3–4) (1986), 259286.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[6]Carleson, L. and Gamelin, T.. Complex Dynamics. Springer, Berlin, 1993.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[7]DeMarco, L.. Dynamics of rational maps: Lyapunov exponents, bifurcations, and capacity. Math. Ann. 326(1) (2003), 4373.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[8]Denker, M., Grillenberger, C. and Sigmund, K.. Ergodic Theory on Compact Spaces (Lecture Notes in Mathematics, 527). Springer, Berlin, 1976.Google Scholar
[9]Denker, M. and Urbanski, M.. On Sullivan’s conformal measures for rational maps on the Riemann sphere. Nonlinearity 4 (1991), 365384.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[10]Denker, M. and Urbański, M.. Hausdorff and conformal measures on Julia sets with a rationally indifferent periodic point. J. London Math. Soc. (2) 43(1) (1991), 107118.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[11]Denker, M. and Urbański, M.. Absolutely continuous invariant measures for expansive rational maps with rationally indifferent periodic points. Forum Math. 3(6) (1991), 561579.Google Scholar
[12]Evard, J. and Jafari, F.. A complex Rolle’s theorem. Amer. Math. Monthly 99(9) (1992), 858861.Google Scholar
[13]Feng, D., Lau, K. and Wu, J.. Ergodic limits on the conformal repellers. Adv. Math. 169 5891.Google Scholar
[14]Gatzouras, D. and Peres, Y.. Invariant measures of full dimension for some expanding maps. Ergod. Th. & Dynam. Sys. 17(1) (1997), 147167.Google Scholar
[15]Graczyk, J. and Swiatek, G.. Generic hyperbolicity in the logistic family. Ann. of Math. (2) 146(1) (1997), 152.Google Scholar
[16]Kozlovski, O., Shen, W. and Van Strien, S.. Density of hyperbolicity in dimension one. Ann. of Math. (2) 166(1) (2007), 145182.Google Scholar
[17]Lyubich, M.. Entropy properties of rational endomorphisms of the Riemann sphere. Ergod. Th. & Dynam. Sys. 3 (1983), 351385.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[18]Lyubich, M.. Dynamics of quadratic polynomials. I. Acta Math. 178(2) (1997), 185247.Google Scholar
[19]Lyubich, M.. Dynamics of quadratic polynomials. II. Acta Math. 178(2) (1997), 247297.Google Scholar
[20]Newhouse, S.. Continuity properties of entropy. Ann. of Math. (2) 129 (1989), 215235.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[21]Mané, R.. The Hausdorff dimension of invariant probabilities of rational maps. Dynamical Systems, Valparaiso, 1986 (Lecture Notes in Mathematics, 1331). Springer, Berlin, 1988, pp. 86117.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[22]Manning, A.. A Relation between Lyapunov exponents, Hausdorff dimension and entropy. Ergod. Th. & Dynam. Sys. 1 (1981), 451459.Google Scholar
[23]Mattila, P.. Geometry of Sets and Measures in Euclidean Spaces. Fractals and Rectifiability. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1995.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[24]Milnor, J.. Dynamics in One Complex Variable, 3rd edn(Annals of Mathematics Studies, 160). Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ, 2006, pp. viii+304Google Scholar
[25]McMullen, C.. Frontiers in complex dynamics. Bull. Amer. Math. Soc. (2) 31 (1994), 155172.Google Scholar
[26]Mané, R., Sad, P. and Sullivan, D.. On the Dynamics of Rational Maps. Ann. Sci. École Norm. Sup., (4) 16(2) (1983), 193217.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[27]Przytycki, F.. Conical limit set and Poincare exponent for iterations of rational functions. Trans. Amer. Math. Soc. 351(5) (1999), 20812099.Google Scholar
[28]Przytycki, F.. Lyapunov characteristic exponents are nonnegative. Proc. Amer. Math. Soc. 119(1) (1993), 309317.Google Scholar
[29]Przytycki, F., Rivera-Letelier, J. and Smirnov, S.. Equivalence and topological invariance of conditions for non-uniform hyperbolicity in the iteration of rational maps. Invent. Math. 151(1) (2003), 2963.Google Scholar
[30]Przytycki, F., Rivera-Letelier, J. and Smirnov, S.. Equality of pressures for rational functions. Ergod. Th. & Dynam. Sys. 24 (2004), 891914.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[31]Przytycki, F. and Urbanski, M.. Fractals in the Planethe Ergodic Theory Methods. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, to appear. Available at http://www.math.unt.edu/∼urbanski/book1.html.Google Scholar
[32]Ransford, T.. Variation of Hausdorff dimension of Julia sets. Ergod. Th. & Dynam. Sys. 13 (1993), 167174.Google Scholar
[33]Ruelle, D.. Repellers for Real Analytic Maps. Ergod. Th. & Dynam. Sys. 2(1) (1982), 99107.Google Scholar
[34]Slodkowski, Z.. Holomorphic motions and polynomial hulls. Proc. Amer. Math. Soc. 111(2) (1991), 347355.Google Scholar
[35]Shishikura, M.. The Hausdorff dimension of the boundary of the Mandelbrot set and Julia sets. Ann. of Math. (2) 147 (1998), 225267.Google Scholar
[36]Urbański, M.. Measures and dimensions in conformal dynamics. Bull. Amer. Math. Soc. (N.S.) 40(3) (2003), 281321.Google Scholar
[37]Urbański, M.. On the Hausdorff dimension of a Julia set with a rationally indifferent periodic point. Studia Math. 97(3) (1991), 167188.Google Scholar
[38]Urbański, M.. Rational functions with no recurrent critical points. Ergod. Th. & Dynam. Sys. 14(2) (1994), 391414.Google Scholar
[39]Urbański, M.. Geometry and ergodic theory of conformal non-recurrent dynamics. Ergod. Th. & Dynam. Sys. 17(6) (1997), 14491476.Google Scholar
[40]Walters, P.. An Introduction to Ergodic Theory. Springer, Berlin, 1981.Google Scholar
[41]Wolf, C.. Generalized physical and SRB measures for hyperbolic diffeomorphisms. J. Stat. Phys. 122 (2006), 11111138.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[42]Young, L.-S.. What are SRB measures, and which dynamical systems have them? Dedicated to David Ruelle and Yasha Sinai on the occasion of their 65th birthdays. J. Stat. Phys. 108 (2002), 733754.Google Scholar