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From the divergence between two measures to the shortest path between two observables

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 November 2017

MIGUEL ABADI  and
RODRIGO LAMBERT
MIGUEL ABADI
Affiliation:
Instituto de Matemática e Estatística, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Matão, 1010, CEP 05508-090, São Paulo-SP, Brazil email [email protected]
RODRIGO LAMBERT
Affiliation:
Faculdade de Matemática, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Av. João Naves de Avila, 2121, CEP 38408-100, Uberlândia-MG, Brazil email [email protected]
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Abstract

We consider two independent and stationary measures over $\unicode[STIX]{x1D712}^{\mathbb{N}}$, where $\unicode[STIX]{x1D712}$ is a finite or countable alphabet. For each pair of $n$-strings in the product space we define $T_{n}^{(2)}$ as the length of the shortest path connecting one of them to the other. Here the paths are generated by the underlying dynamic of the measures. If they are ergodic and have positive entropy we prove that, for almost every pair of realizations $(\mathbf{x},\mathbf{y})$, $T_{n}^{(2)}/n$ is concentrated in one, as $n$ diverges. Under mild extra conditions we prove a large-deviation principle. We also show that the fluctuations of $T_{n}^{(2)}$ converge (only) in distribution to a non-degenerate distribution. These results are all linked to a quantity that computes the similarity between those two measures. This is the so-called divergence between two measures, which is also introduced. Several examples are provided.

Type
Original Article
Information
Ergodic Theory and Dynamical Systems , Volume 39 , Issue 7 , July 2019 , pp. 1729 - 1744
Copyright
© Cambridge University Press, 2017 

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