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Acute progressive resistance exercise alters intracardiac pressure in ponies

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 March 2007

KH McKeever ,
SE Alway ,
JW Farris ,
KW Hinchcliff  and
JA Lombardo
KH McKeever*
Affiliation:
Equine Science Center, Department of Animal Science, Rutgers – The State University of New Jersey, University, New Brunswick NJ 08901, USA
SE Alway
Affiliation:
Division of Exercise Physiology, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown WV 26506, USA
JW Farris
Affiliation:
Department of Physical Therapy, Arkansas State University, State University AR 72467, USA
KW Hinchcliff
Affiliation:
Equine Exercise Physiology Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
JA Lombardo
Affiliation:
Department of Family Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
*
*[email protected]
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Abstract

Five male ponies (3–6 years, 208±11 kg) were used to examine the haemodynamic effects of resistance exercise. The experiment consisted of a 30 min catheterization period and a 15 min equilibration period followed by the test. Initially, the ponies stood quietly on a treadmill for collection of 5 min of baseline data. They then walked at 1.9 m s−1 for 1 min sets while carrying 0 kg, 67 kg or 134 kg of weight loaded on the saddle area. Weights were applied in a randomized order using a chain hoist and sling. The ponies rested unloaded for 2 min between sets and all cardiovascular parameters returned to baseline before beginning the next set. Haemodynamic measurements (heart rate (HR), carotid artery systolic (SP), diastolic (DP), pulse (PP) and mean pressure (MAP), right atrial pressure (RAP), right ventricular pressure (RVP) and right ventricular maximum rate of pressure rise (dP/dtmax)) were recorded continuously and data collected during the last 18 s of each set were averaged and analysed. HR increased (P<0.05) with unloaded exercise (201%) and with increases in load (252 and 271% at 67 and 134 kg, respectively). RAP increased (P<0.05) with exercise, with differences (P<0.05) between the response to the 0 kg (66%), 67 kg (121%) and 134 kg (138%) loads. RVP increased (P<0.05) incrementally with load during exercise (58, 110 and 136%, respectively), with differences (P<0.05) between 0 versus 67 kg and 67 versus 134 kg. Right ventricular dP/dtmax increased (P<0.05) incrementally and showed differences (P<0.05) between loads (131, 191 and 252% at 0, 67 and 134 kg, respectively). There were increases (P<0.05) in MAP (20%), SP (20%) and DP (27) with exercise, but no difference (P>0.05) between the response to 67 versus 134 kg load (43 and 51%; 40 and 46%; 49 and 62, respectively). Pulse pressure did not change (P>0.05) from baseline values. These data suggest that resistance exercise in the form of weight carried increases intraventricular pressure through a significant increase in both cardiac pre-load and after-load.

Keywords

heartequineweight-liftingblood pressurehaemodynamics
Type
Research Article
Information
Equine and Comparative Exercise Physiology , Volume 2 , Issue 2 , May 2005 , pp. 113 - 118
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2005

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