Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-tf8b9 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-29T14:22:41.686Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Introduction: Computer Simulations in Social Epistemology

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  03 January 2012

Extract

Over recent decades, computer simulations have become a common tool among practitioners of the social sciences. They have been utilized to study such diverse phenomena as the integration and segregation of different racial groups, the emergence and evolution of friendship networks, the spread of gossip, fluctuations of housing prices in an area, the transmission of social norms, and many more. Philosophers of science and others interested in the methodological status of these studies have identified a number of distinctive virtues of the use of computer simulations. For instance, it has been generally appreciated that as simulations require the formulation of an explicit algorithm, they foster precision and clarity about whatever conceptual issues are involved in the study. The value of computer simulations as a heuristic tool for developing hypotheses, models, and theories has also been recognized, as has been the fact that they can serve as a substitute for real experiments. This is especially useful in the social domain, given that human beings cannot be freely manipulated at the discretion of the experimenter (for both points, see Hartmann 1996). However, the main virtue of computer simulations is generally believed to be that they are able to deal with the complexities that arise when many elements interact in a highly dynamic system and which often evade an exact formal analysis (see, e.g., Humphreys 1991).

Type
Introduction
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2009

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Epstein, J. and Axtell, R.. 1996. Growing Artificial Societies. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gaylord, R. J. and D'Andria, L. J.. 1998. Simulating Society. New York: Springer.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hartmann, S. 1996. “The World as a Process: Simulations in the Natural and Social Sciences.” In Hegselmann, R., Mueller, U., and Troitzsch, K.G. (eds.), Modelling and Simulation in the Social Sciences from the Philosophy of Science Point of View, pp. 77100. Dordrecht: Kluwer.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hegselmann, R. and Krause, U.. 2002. “Opinion Dynamics and Bounded Confidence: Models, Analysis, and Simulations.” Journal of Artificial Societies and Social Simulation 5. http://jasss.soc.surrey.ac.uk/5/3/2.htmlGoogle Scholar
Humphreys, P. 1991. “Computer Simulations.” In Fine, A., Forbes, M., and Wessels, L. (eds.), Proceedings of the PSA 1990, vol. 2, pp. 497505. East Lansing, MI: Philosophy of Science Association.Google Scholar