Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-q99xh Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-23T14:03:29.707Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Eating psychopathology and personality in eating disorders

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  11 October 2011

Secondo Fassino ,
Giovanni Abbate-Daga ,
Federico Amianto ,
Federico Facchini  and
Giovanni Giacomo Rovera
Secondo Fassino*
Affiliation:
Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Sezione Psichiatria, Servizio per i Disturbi del Comportamento Alimentare, Università di Torino, Torino
Giovanni Abbate-Daga
Affiliation:
Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Sezione Psichiatria, Servizio per i Disturbi del Comportamento Alimentare, Università di Torino, Torino
Federico Amianto
Affiliation:
Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Sezione Psichiatria, Servizio per i Disturbi del Comportamento Alimentare, Università di Torino, Torino
Federico Facchini
Affiliation:
Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Sezione Psichiatria, Servizio per i Disturbi del Comportamento Alimentare, Università di Torino, Torino
Giovanni Giacomo Rovera
Affiliation:
Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Sezione Psichiatria, Servizio per i Disturbi del Comportamento Alimentare, Università di Torino, Torino
*
Address for correspondence: Professor S. Fassino, Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Università di Torino, Sezione Psichiatria, Via Cherasco 11, 10126Torino. Fax: +39-011-673473; +39-011-6337080. E-mail: [email protected]
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Summary

Objective - The question of how many psychopathologic factors are involved in Anorexia Nervosa (AN) and Bulimia Nervosa (BN) has no definite answer. The combination of psychopathology and personality research may shed a light upon the determinants of eating pathology. Methods - The study consists inthe administration of the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI) and the Eating Disorder Inventory 2 (EDI-2) to 95 outpatient anorectic women (50 restrictive and 45 binge-purging) and to 92 bulimic outpatientwomen (78 with and 14 without purging behaviours). The respective scores of each DCA subgroup are compared. Results - Restricter anorectics are characterised by lower novelty seeking on respect to all the other groups and by a higher self-directedness on respect to bingeing-purging anorectics and purging bulimics. Alsopsychopathologic differences between restricter anorectics and the other groups are extensive. Bingeing-purging anorexia shares many traits with bulimia. Conclusions - In their complex, data suggest and in-deep study aimed to a possible re-classification of EDs which would take impulsiveness in greater consideration. The differences in temperament and character traits may partially be responsible of the repression or discontrol of impulsive eating behaviours in different ED subtypes.

Declaration of Interest

Authors received grants and research support from Regione Piemonte (Project no. 19701/27001).

Keywords

anorexiabulimiapersonalitypsychopathologyTCIcontinuum
Type
Original Papers
Information
Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences , Volume 12 , Issue 4 , December 2003 , pp. 293 - 300
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2003

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

BIBLIOGRAFIA

American Psychiatric Association (2000). Diagnostic and Statistic Manual of Mental Disorders-IV-Text Revision. American Psychiatric Association: Washington, DC.Google Scholar
Anderson, C.B., Joyce, P.R., Carter, F.A., Mclntosh, V.V. & Bulik, C.M. (2002). The effect of cognitive-behavioral therapy for bulimia nervosa on temperament and character as measured by the temperament and character inventory. Comprehensive Psychiatry 43 (3), 182–188.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bulik, C.M., Sullivan, P.F., Joyce, P.R. & Carter, F.A. (1995). Temperament, character, and personality disorder in bulimia nervosa. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease 183, 593–598.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bulik, C.M., Sullivan, P.F., Joyce, P.R., Carter, F.A. & Mclntosh, V.V. (1998). Predictors of 1-year treatment outcome in bulimia nervosa. Comprehensive Psychiatry 39, 206–214.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bulik, C.M., Sullivan, P.F., Fear, J.L. & Pickering, A. (2000). Outcome of anorexia nervosa: eating attitudes, personality, and parental bonding. Interanational Journal of Eating Disorders 28, 139–147.3.0.CO;2-G>CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cloninger, C.R. & Svrakic, D.M. (1999). Personality Disorders. InKaplan and Sadock's Comprehensive Textbook of Psychiatry, 7th ed. (ed. Sadock, B.J. and Sadock, V.A.). Lippicott Williams & Wilkins: London.Google Scholar
Cloninger, C.R., Svrakic, D.M. & Przybeck, T.R. (1993). A psicobiological model of temperament and character. Archives of General Psychiatry 50, 975–989.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cloninger, C.R., Przybeck, T.R., Svrakic, D.M. & Wetzel, R.D. (1994). The Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI): a Guide to Its Development and Use, pp.117–211. Center for Psychobiology of Personality: St. Louis, MO.Google Scholar
Conti, L. (2000). Repertorio delle Scale di Valutazione in Psichiatria, TomoTerzo, pp.1283–1296. SEE: Firenze.Google Scholar
Diaz-Marsa, M., Carrasco, J.L., Hollander, E., Cesar, J. & Saiz-Ruiz, J. (2000). Decrease platlet monoamine oxidase activity in female anorexia nervosa. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica 101, 226–230.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dolan, M., Anderson, I.M. & Deakin, J.F. (2001). Relationship between 5-HT function and impulsivity and aggression in male offenders with personality disorders. British Journal of Psychiatry 178, 352–359.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Fassino, S., Abbate Daga, G., Amianto, F., Leombruni, P., Fornas, B., D'Ambrosi, G, & Rovera, G.G. (2001a). Predictors of outcome in anorectic patients after 6 months of multimodal treatment. Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics 70, 208–211.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Fassino, S., Abbate Daga, G., Leombruni, P., Amianto, F., Rovera, G. & Rovera, G.G. (2001b). Temperament and character in Italian men with anorexia nervosa. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease 189, 788–794.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Fassino, S., Abbate-Daga, G., Piero, A., Leombruni, P. & Rovera, G.G. (2001c). Anger and personality in eating disorders. Journal of Psychosomatic Research 51, 757–764.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Fassino, S., Svrakic, D., Abbate-Daga, G., Leombruni, P., Amianto, F., Stanic, S. & Rovera, G.G. (2001d). Anorectic family dynamics: temperament and character data. Comprehensive Psychiatry 43, 114–120.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fassino, S., Abbate Daga, G., Amianto, F., Leombruni, P., Boggio, S. & Rovera, G.G. (2002a). Temperament and character profile of eating disorders: a controlled study with TCI. International Journal of Eating Disorders 32 (4), 412–425.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fassino, S., Abbate-Daga, G., Piero, A. & Rovera, G.G. (2002b). Dropout from brief psychotherapy in anorexia nervosa. Psychoterapy and Psychosomatics 71 (4), 200–206.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Fassino, S., Amianto, F., Abbate Daga, G.A., Leombruni, P., Garzaro, L., Levi, M. & Rovera, G.G. (2003). Bulimic family dynamics: role of parents' personality: a controlled study with the Temperament and Character Inventory. ComprehensivePsychiatry 44 (1), 70–77.Google ScholarPubMed
Frank, E., Cassano, G.B., Shear, M.K., Rotondo, A., Dell'Osso, L., Mauri, M., Maser, J. & Grotchocinski, V. (1998). The spectum model: A more coherent approach to the complexity for psychiatic symptomatology. CNS Spectrum 3, 23–34.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gabbard, G.O. (1994). Psychodynamic Psychiatry in Clinic Practice. The DSM-1V Edition. American Psychiatric Press: Washington, DC.Google Scholar
Garcia-Grau, E., Fuste, A., Miro, A., Saldana, C., Bados, A. (2002). Coping style and disturbed eating attitudes in adolescent girls. International Journal of Eating Disorders 32 (1), 116–120.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Garfinkel, P.E., Moldofsky, H., & Garner, D.M. (1980). The heterogeneity of anorexia nervosa: bulimia as a distinct subgroup. Archives of General Psychiatry 37, 1036–1040.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Garner, DM (1993). Eating Disorder Inventory-2 Professional Manual. Psychological Assessment Resources: Odessa, FL.Google Scholar
Garner, D.M., Garfinkel, P.E. & Irvine, M.J. (1986). Integration and sequencing of treatment approaches for eating disorders. Psychotherapy and Psychosoinatics 46, 67–75.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hall, A., Slim, E., Hawker, F. & Salmond, C. (1984). Anorexia nervosa: long-term outcome in 50 female patients. British Journal of Psychiatry 145,407–413.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Johnson, J.C., Cohen, P., Kotler, L. & Brook, J.S. (2002). Psychiatric disorders associated with risk for development of eating disorders during adolescence and early adulthood. Journal of Consultation Clinical Psychology 70 (5), 1119–1128.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Klump, K.L., Bulik, C.M., Pollice, C., Halmi, K.A., Fichter, M.M., Berrettini, W.H., Devlin, B., Strober, M., Kaplan, A., Woodside, D.B., Treasure, J., Shabbout, M., Lilenfeld, L.R. & Plotnicov, K.H. (2000). Temperament and character in women with anorexia nervosa. Journal of Nervous and Mental Diseases 188, 559–567.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Klump, K.L., McGue, M. & Iacono, W.G. (2002). Genetic relationships between personality and eating attitudes and behaviors. Journal of Abnormal Psychology 111 (2), 380–389.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Miotto, P., De Coppi, M., Frezza, M., Rossi, M. & Preti, A. (2002). Social desirability and eating disorders. A community study of an Italian school-aged sample. Acta Psichiatrica Scandinavica 105 (5), 372–377.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mizushima, H., Ono, Y., & Asai, M. (1998). TCI temperamental scores in bulimia nervosa patients and normal women with and without diet experiences. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica 98, 228–230.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mulder, R.T., Joyce, P.R., Sullivan, P.F., Bulik, C.M. & Carter, F.A. (1999). The relationship among three models of personality psychopathology: DSM-III-R personality disorder, TCI scores and DSQ defences. Psychological Medicine 29, 943–951.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Podar, I., Hannus, A. & Allik, J. (1999). Personality and affectivity characteristics associated with eating disorders: a comparison of eating disordered, weight-preoccupied, and normal samples. Journal of Personality Assessment 73, 133–147.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ricca, V., Mannucci, E., Mezzani, B., Di Bernardo, M., Zucchi, T., Paionni, A., Placidi, G.P., Rotella, C.M., Favarelli, C. (2001). Psychopathological and clinical features of outpatients with an eating disorder not otherwise specified. Eat and Weight Disorders 6, 157–165.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rosenvinge, J.H., Martinussen, M., & Ostensen, E. (2000). The comorbility of eating disorders and personality disorders: a meta analytic review of studies published between 1983 and 1998. Eating and Weight Disorders 5, 51–62.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rossi, A., Amaddeo, F., Bisoffi, G., Ruggeri, M., Thornicroft, G.& Tansella, M. (2002). Dropping out of care: inappropriate terminations of contact with community community-based psychiatric services. British Journal of Psychiatry 181, 331–338.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Rossiter, E.M., Agras, W.S., Telch, C.F., & Schneider, J.A.(1993). Cluster B personality disorder characteristics predict outcome in the treatment of bulimia nervosa. International Journal of Eating Disorders 13, 349–357.3.0.CO;2-C>CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Spitzer, R.L., Williams, J.B. & First, M. (1990). Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-III-R. American Psychiatric Press: Washington, DC.Google Scholar
Steiger, H., Stotland, S. & Houle, L. (1994). Prognostic implications of stable versus transient “borderline features” in bulimic patients. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry 55, 206–214.Google Scholar
Stein, D., Kaye, W.H., Matsunaga, H., Orbach, I., Har-Even, D., Frank, G., McConaha, C.W. & Rao, R. (2002). Eating-related concerns, mood, and personality traits in recovered bulimia nervosa subjects: A replication study. InternationalJournal of Eating Disorders 32 (2), 225–229.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Steinhausen, H.C. (2002). The outcome of anorexia nervosa in the 20th century. American Journal of Psychiatry 159 (8), 1284–1293.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Strober, M., Freeman, R., Lampert, C., Diamond, J. & Kaye, W.(2000). Controlled family study of anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa: evidence of shared liability and transmission of partial syndromes. American Journal of Psychiatry 157, 393–401.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Tansella, M. (2002). he Radici Psicosociali della Psichiatria. II Pensiero Scientifico Editore: Roma.Google Scholar
Troop, N.A. & Bifulco, A. (2002). Childhood social arena and cognitive sets in eating disorders. British Journal of Clinical Psychology 41 (2), 205–211.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Van der Ham, T., Meulman, J.J., Van Strien, D.C. & Van Engeland, H. (1997). Empirically based subgrouping of eating disorders in adolescents: a longitudinal perspective. British Journal of Psychiatry 170, 363–368.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Waller, A., Gullion, C.M., Petty, F., Hardy, B.W., Murdock, M.V. & Rush, A.J. (1993). Tridimensional Personality Questionnaire and Serotonin in BulimiaNervosa. Psychiatry Research 48, 9–15.CrossRefGoogle Scholar